油茶林地中微量养分与果实经济性状的相关性  

Correlation between micronutrients and fruit economic traits in Camellia oleifera forest

作　　者：邓沁 袁军[1] 卢胜 李万元 孙祺 DENG Qin;YUAN Jun;LU Sheng;LI Wanyuan;SUN Qi(School of Forestry,Central South University of Forestry&Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China;Hunan Shennong Guoyou Ecological Agriculture Development Limited Company,Hengyang 421800,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学林学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]湖南神农国油生态农业发展有限公司,湖南衡阳421800

出　　处：《经济林研究》2024年第3期272-280,共9页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：湖南省十大技术攻关项目(2024NK1020);湖南省油茶产业科研示范项目(2023LYCY0022)。

摘　　要：【目的】为油茶营养精准管理提供参考。【方法】以湖南省4个油茶栽培区油茶‘华金’林分为对象,测定林地土壤及油茶叶片中微量元素含量,并分析其与果实经济指标的关系。【结果】在不同产量水平下油茶林分土壤中Ca、Mg、Mn、B、Fe含量与叶片中Ca、Mg、Mn、Fe、Zn的含量及果实干出仁率、种仁含油率、种仁蛋白质、淀粉含量、茶油硬脂酸含量差异均达到显著水平(P<0.05)。回归分析结果显示土壤与叶片Ca含量是油茶产量的主控因子(F=9.210,7.649;P=0.006,0.011);土壤Mg含量和叶片Mn含量均与干出仁率呈显著正相关(F=6.584,4.566;P=0.018,0.044);种仁含油率与土壤Fe含量存在显著负相关,而与叶片Mg含量存在显著正相关(F=9.387,13.613;P=0.006,0.001)。土壤Mn含量分别与单果质量、棕榈酸含量、花生酸含量均存在显著正相关,与油酸含量存在一定的负相关(F=4.350,11.535,9.160,5.922;P=0.049,0.003,0.006,0.024)。相关性分析结果表明土壤B含量与叶片中Ca含量呈显著正相关(r=0.748);土壤Zn含量与叶片中Mn含量呈显著正相关(r=0.917)。【结论】土壤中B、Zn含量促进叶片对Ca、Mn元素的吸收,提高土壤与叶片中Ca含量则有利于产量的增加。叶片Mg含量有利于种仁含油率的提升,土壤中Fe含量过多可能会抑制油脂的积累。叶片Mn含量可促进干出仁率的增加,脂肪酸组成主要受土壤Mn含量影响。【Objective】To provided a reference for accurate nutrition management of C.oleifera.【Method】The contents of trace elements in soil and leaves of C.oleifolia were determined in 4 C.oleifolia cultivation areas in Hunan province,and the relationship between them and fruit economic indexes was analyzed.【Result】The contents of Ca,Mg,Mn,B,Fe in soil and Ca,Mg,Mn,Fe,Zn in leaves,dry kernel ratio of fruit,seed kernel oil content,seed kernel protein,starch content and C.oleifolia oil stearic acid were significantly different between different yield levels(P<0.05).Regression analysis showed that Ca content in soil and leaves was the main controlling factor of C.oleifolia yield(F=9.210,7.649;P=0.006,0.011);Soil Mg content and leaf Mn content were positively correlated with dry yield(F=6.584,4.566;P=0.018,0.044);The oil content of seed kernel was negatively correlated with soil Fe content,and positively correlated with leaf Mg content(F=9.387,13.613;P=0.006,0.001).Soil Mn content was positively correlated with fruit mass,palmitic acid and arachidonic acid content,and negatively correlated with oleic acid content(F=4.350,11.535,9.160,5.922;P=0.049,0.003,0.006,0.024).The results of correlation analysis showed that B content in soil was positively correlated with Ca content in leaves(r=0.748).There was a significant positive correlation between Zn content in soil and Mn content in leaves(r=0.917).【Conclusion】The content of B and Zn in soil promoted the absorption of Ca and Mn in leaves,and the increase of Ca content in soil and leaves was conducive to the increase of yield.Mg content in leaves is conducive to the increase of oil content in seed kernel,while excessive Fe content in soil may inhibit the accumulation of oil.Mn content in leaves can promote the increase of dry yield,and the composition of fatty acids is mainly affected by Mn content in soil.

关 键 词：油茶 中微量元素 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S601[农业科学—园艺学]