数字弱势群体权利的双重面向及其概念重释  

The Dual Aspects and Conceptual Reinterpretation of Rights for Digitally Disadvantaged Groups

作　　者：陈建平 刘浩龙 CHEN Jianping;LIU Haolong(School of Administrative Law,Southwest University of Political Science and Law;Institute for Comprehensive Governance by Rule of Law,Southwest University of Political Science and Law)

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学行政法学院 [2]西南政法大学全面依法治国研究院

出　　处：《人权法学》2024年第5期25-41,149,150,共19页Journal of Human Rights Law

基　　金：西南政法大学校级科研项目“数字弱势群体权利的立法保障研究”(DFLF202303)。

摘　　要：关于数字弱势群体权利概念的界定,学界至今仍聚讼不已。已有定义主要基于经验性判断,通常采用“例举式+兜底式”的界定方法。在既有界定思路下,数字弱势群体权利概念外延容易泛化,进而面临有效性与独立性缺失的理论困境。廓清数字弱势群体权利的概念,是数字弱势群体权利保障的理论前提。基于事实与价值二分的哲学视角,揭示数字弱势群体权利所包含的实在权利面向与价值理性面向,将数字弱势群体权利界定为包含法定权利系统与价值系统的概念体系,可以有效纾解此类困境。In the digital age,significant advancements in digital technology have propelled society into a new era characterized by“totally digitalized and computerized.”While digital technology offers opportunities,it also harbors risks.The urgency of redefining digital rights for the protection of digitally disadvantaged groups is underscored by the fact that the convenience of digital technology may inadvertently trap these groups in difficult living situations,such as being limited by lack of internet access or the skills to purchase essential goods online.Ensuring the healthy development of the digital society necessitates this protection,which has become a must of governance.Clarifying the concept of rights for digitally disadvantaged groups is a theoretical prerequisite for their protection.Current regulations and theories provide only preliminary answers to the question of“what constitutes the rights of digitally disadvantaged groups,”leaving room for further discussion.Besides,the research employs an“enumerative and saving all”approach to defining these rights,often describing them by using terms like“bundle of rights”or“rights cluster.”While the definition of“saving all”strengthens the comprehensiveness of the concept,it also risks generalizing the definition of rights for digitally disadvantaged groups.The need for a systematic structure within these rights also demonstrates a theoretical dilemma.The theoretical dilemma about the rights of digitally disadvantaged groups arises primarily from challenges in defining the concept,which includes two aspects:the dilemma of the effectiveness and independence of these rights.The dichotomy of facts and values in the legal world provides insight into the theoretical challenges.To address the dilemma,the rights of digitally disadvantaged groups can be reinterpreted from two perspectives:first,at the factual level,these rights have a substantial aspect,limited only by current norms;second,at the value level,these rights embody a value rationality that

关 键 词：数字弱势群体 数字人权 新兴权利 数字鸿沟 

分 类 号：D90[政治法律—法学理论]