华南某市近10年终端生活垃圾组分与特性分析  

Composition and Characteristics Analysis of Terminal Municipal Solid Waste of a City in South China in the Last Decade

作　　者：丁琮 DING Cong(Guangzhou Research Center of City Management Technology,Guangzhou Guangdong 510170)

机构地区：[1]广州市城市管理技术研究中心,广东广州510170

出　　处：《环境卫生工程》2024年第5期36-40,共5页Environmental Sanitation Engineering

摘　　要：以华南地区某市近10年的终端生活垃圾监测数据为依据,分析了其生活垃圾组分与特性的变化。结果表明:厨余类一直是生活垃圾中湿基占比最高的组分,其占比为45.9%~55.1%;其次是橡塑类、纸类和纺织类,占比分别为21.1%~27.8%、5.6%~14.5%、4.0%~10.5%;其余组分湿基占比均不超过5.0%。生活垃圾密度为197~278kg/m^(3),含水率为53%~60%。可燃物的湿基占比近10年整体变化不大,平均为37%;灰分的湿基占比呈降低趋势,从11%降到近年来的6%。生活垃圾的湿基低位热值整体上呈升高趋势,从5571 kJ/kg增长至6361 kJ/kg。干基碳、氢、氧元素的含量近10年均呈升高趋势,碳元素含量从37.6%升高至44.6%,氢元素含量从5.51%升高至6.51%,氧元素含量从24.5%升高至25.4%;而干基氮和氯元素的含量均有所降低,氮元素含量由2.95%降低至1.45%,氯元素含量从0.51%降低至0.45%,硫元素含量有所升高,从0.15%升高至0.22%。研究结果可为本研究区域生活垃圾终端处理方式的选择和终端处理设施工艺的优化提供参考依据。The changes in composition and characteristics of terminal municipal solid waste(MSW)were analyzed based on the monitoring data which collected in the last decade from a city in South China.The results indicated that food waste consistently constituted the highest proportion of wet-based components in MSW,ranged from 45.9%to 55.1%;followed by rubber and plastic,paper,and textiles,which were 21.1%-27.8%,5.6%-14.5%,and 4.0%-10.5%,respectively;the proportion of all other wet-based components accounted for no more than 5.0%.The bulk density of MSW ranged from 197 kg/m^(3)to 278 kg/m^(3),and the moisture content ranged from 53%to 60%.The content of wet-based combustible changed little overall in the last 10 years,with an average value of 37%;the wet-based content of ash decreased from 11%to 6%.In the past 10 years,the wet-based low calorific value of MSW showed an overall upward trend,which increased from 5571 kJ/kg to 6361 kJ/kg.The content of carbon,hydrogen,and oxygen in the dry basis all showed an increasing trend in the last decade,the carbon content increased from 37.6%to 44.6%,the hydrogen content increased from 5.51%to 6.51%,and the oxygen content increased from 24.5%to 25.4%.Meanwhile,the content of nitrogen and chlorine in the dry basis both decreased,the nitrogen content decreased from 2.95%to 1.45%,and the chlorine content decreased from 0.51%to 0.45%,while the sulfur content increased from 0.15%to 0.22%.The research results could provide a reference for the selection of terminal treatment method of MSW and the optimization of terminal treatment facilities in this study area.

关 键 词：生活垃圾 物理组成 热值 元素 

分 类 号：X799.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]