对甘肃河西地区某大型牧场DHI报告分析解读及建议  

Analysis and Application of DHI Report on a Large-scale Pasture in Hexi Area of Gansu Province

作　　者：李晓锐 陈世伟 陶永康 杨姗 秦春雷 LI Xiao-rui;CHEN Shi-wei;TAO Yong-kang;YANG Shan;QIN Chun-lei(DHI Laboratory,Gansu Nongken Tianmu Dairy Company,Jinchang 737100;Gansu Nongken Tianmu Dairy Company,Jinchang 737105)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农垦天牧乳业公司DHI实验室,金昌737100 [2]甘肃农垦天牧乳业公司,金昌737105

出　　处：《中国奶牛》2024年第10期53-59,共7页China Dairy Cattle

摘　　要：本研究旨在分析甘肃河西地区规模化牛场2023年1-12月份DHI报告中泌乳曲线、牛群结构、乳成分、脂蛋比、尿素氮水平、体细胞数等指标,通过限定指标分析反映该牧场在产量、牛群结构、营养水平和疾病管控、治疗等方面的情况。结果表明,整体单产水平仍有上升空间,牛群高峰奶亟待提高,泌乳持续力不足;全年平均胎次小于2.5胎,头胎占比39.0%,三胎及以上占比37.8%,应调整牛群结构向合理方向发展;牧场最低乳脂率4.10%、最低乳蛋白率3.31%,处于较高水平,但尿素氮水平超过18mg/dL的月份为5个月,应实时调整日粮水平,减少饲草料浪费;奶牛产后酮病发病率较高;牛群体细胞数过高,9月份奶损失0.592kg/头,乳房炎管控、舒适度管理和奶厅管理仍需加强。通过对规模化牧场的DHI报告分析,为牧场提高运营水平、经济效益和持续化发展提出了指导建议。The purpose of this study was to analyze the lactation curve,herd structure,milk composition,fat-toegg ratio,urea nitrogen level,somatic cell count and other indicators in the DHI report of large-scale cattle farms in Hexi area of Gansu Province from January to December 2023,and to analyze the production situation of this ranch in terms of yield,herd structure,nutrition level,disease control and treatment through limited indicators.The results showed that the overall unit yield level still had room to increase,peak milk needed to be improved,and lactation sustainability was insufficient.The average number of births was less than 2.5,the first birth accounted for 39.0%,and the third or more births accounted for 37.8%,so the cattle structure should be adjusted to a reasonable direction.The lowest milk fat percentage and the lowest milk protein were 4.10% and 3.31%,which were relatively high,but the urea nitrogen level exceeded 18mg/dL in 5 months,so the daily grain level should be adjusted in real time to reduce feed waste.The incidence of postpartum ketosis was higher in cows.Somatic cells of cattle were too high,and the milk loss in September was 0.592kg/head.Mastitis control,comfort management and milk hall management still need to be strengthened.Through the analysis of DHI report of large-scale pasture,reasonable suggestions were put forward to guide the sustainable development of pasture and improve the operation level and economic benefit of pasture.

关 键 词：DHI 乳脂率 乳蛋白率 体细胞数 尿素氮 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]