湖北海棠离体快繁体系的建立  

Establishment of In Vitro Rapid Propagation System for Malus hupehensis

作　　者：蒙小玉 黄欣艳 乔光 冯建文[1] 吴亚维[1] MENG Xiaoyu;HUANG Xinyan;QIAO Guang;FENG Jianwen;WU Yawei(Guizhou Institute of Pomology Sciences,Guiyang,Guizhou 550006;College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agrobioengineering/Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region of Ministry of Education,Guizhou University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省果树科学研究所,贵州贵阳550006 [2]贵州大学生命科学学院/农业生物工程研究院/山地植物资源保护与种质创新教育部重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2024年第10期100-106,共7页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省农业科学院(自然科学)青年基金项目“苹果砧穗互作矮化基因传递特征研究”(黔农科一般基金﹝2024﹞14);贵州省科技支撑计划项目“威宁山地苹果提质增效关键技术研究”(黔科合支撑﹝2020﹞1Y025)。

摘　　要：【目的】建立苹果砧木湖北海棠离体快繁体系,为苹果砧木苗的周年供应提供技术支撑。【方法】以湖北海棠幼嫩春梢带芽茎段为外植体,研究植物生长调节剂(6-BA,IBA)浓度对组培苗增殖和生根的影响,筛选最适合其增殖和生根的培养基配方,建立湖北海棠离体快繁体系。【结果】湖北海棠幼嫩春梢带芽茎段经消毒处理后接种至MS+6-BA 2 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L+GA30.3 mg/L培养基上,其萌芽率为77.78%;最佳增殖培养基配方为MS+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.1 mg/L IBA+7 g/L琼脂+30 g/L蔗糖,增殖系数为8.13;最佳生根培养基配方为1/2 MS+0.45 mg/L IBA+7 g/L琼脂+30 g/L蔗糖,生根率为97.78%,平均根系数量和长度分别为3.28条和3.35 cm;生根培养30 d后,组培苗的移栽成活率为85.27%。【结论】湖北海棠的最佳增殖培养基配方为MS+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.1 mg/L IBA+7 g/L琼脂+30 g/L蔗糖,最佳生根培养基配方为1/2 MS+0.45 mg/L IBA+7 g/L琼脂+30 g/L蔗糖。该组培快繁体系可有效控制湖北海棠的玻璃化现象,提高其增殖率和生根率。【Objective】The in vitro rapid propagation system of apple rootstock Malus hupehensis was established to provide the technical support for the annual supply of apple rootstock seedlings.【Method】The young spring shoots with bud stems of M.hupehensis were used as explants to explore the effects of different plant growth regulators(6-BA,IBA)with different concentrations on the proliferation and rooting of tissue culture seedlings,and the optimal medium formula for proliferation and rooting was screened to establish the in vitro rapid propagation system of M.hupehensis.【Result】The germination rate of young spring shoots with bud stems of M.hupehensis inoculated with the medium of MS+2 mg/L 6-BA+0.1 mg/L NAA+0.3 mg/L GA3 was 77.78%after disinfection treatment.The optimal proliferation medium was MS+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.1 mg/L IBA+7 g/L agar+30 g/L sucrose,and the proliferation coefficient was 8.13.The optimal rooting medium was 1/2 MS+0.45 mg/L IBA+7 g/L agar+30 g/L sucrose.The rooting rate was 97.78%,and the average root number and length were 3.28 and 3.35 cm,respectively.After 30 days of rooting culture,the transplanting survival rate of tissue culture seedlings was 85.27%.【Conclusion】The optimal proliferation medium formula for M.hupehensis is MS+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.1 mg/L IBA+7 g/L agar+30 g/L sucrose.The optimal rooting medium formula is 1/2 MS+0.45 mg/L IBA+7 g/L agar+30 g/L sucrose.The tissue culture rapid propagation system can effectively control the vitrification phenomenon of M.hupehensis,and improve its proliferation rate and rooting rate.

关 键 词：湖北海棠 离体快繁 植物生长调节剂 增殖培养 生根培养 外植体消毒 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]