三维网络结构CL-20/Al@Co/NBC复合物的制备与性能  

Preparation and Properties of the 3D Network⁃shaped CL⁃20/Al@Co/NBC Composite

作　　者：曹云杉 李豪 易雪玲 秦康怡 李洁 段晓惠 CAO Yun-shan;LI Hao;YI Xue-ling;QIN Kang-yi;LI Jie;DUAN Xiao-hui(State Key Laboratory of Environmental‑friendly Energy Materials,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621010,China)

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学环境友好能源材料国家重点实验室,四川绵阳621010

出　　处：《含能材料》2024年第10期1031-1039,共9页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(22075230)。

摘　　要：为了改善Al粉在混合炸药中的释能特性,综合微结构设计和Al颗粒表面改性优势,构筑了三维网状六硝基六氮杂异伍兹(CL-20)/Al@Co/硝化细菌纤维素(NBC)复合物。首先采用置换法在Al粉表面包覆Co,形成核壳结构Al@Co粒子;再利用模板法将Al@Co和CL-20沉积在NBC的三维网状结构中,得到三维网状CL-20/Al@Co/NBC复合物。采用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)进行形貌结构表征,并通过热分析、感度和燃烧测试进行性能分析。结果表明,Al@Co粒子为Co在Al表面形成一层厚度约32 nm包覆层。CL-20/Al@Co/NBC复合物呈三维网状结构,与相应的NBC+CL-20+Al混合物及CL-20/Al/NBC复合物相比,Al的高温热分解峰温分别提前123.7℃和99.5℃,放热量分别增加5.93 kJ·g^(-1)和4.50 kJ·g^(-1)。且CL-20/Al@Co/NBC的点火延迟时间更短、燃烧速率更快;撞击感度(30 J)和摩擦感度(192 N)均有所降低。In order to improve the energy release characteristics of Al powder in composite explosives,combining the advantages of microstructure design and surface modification of Al particles,hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane(CL-20)/Al@Co/nitrated bacte-rial cellulose(NBC)composite with 3D network structure was prepared.Firstly,Al@Co particles were synthesized by coating Al with Co via the replacement reaction.Then,Al@Co and CL-20 particles were deposited into the 3D network structure of NBC to form CL-20/Al@Co/NBC composite with 3D network structure.The transmission electron microscopy(TEM),scanning electron microscope(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and Fourier transform infrared spectrosco-py(FT-IR)were used to characterize the morphology and structure of the composites.The properties were analyzed by thermal analysis,sensitivity test and combustion test.The results show that the Al@Co particles are formed by coating Co on the Al sur-face with a thickness of about 32 nm.The CL-20/Al@Co/NBC composite has a 3D network structure.Compared with the NBC+CL-20+Al mixture and CL-20/Al/NBC composite,the higher thermal decomposition peak temperature of Al in CL-20/Al@Co/NBC composite is elevated by 123.7℃ and 99.5℃,and the heat release is increased by 5.93 kJ·g^(-1) and 4.50 kJ·g^(-1),respectively.Moreover,CL-20/Al@Co/NBC has a shorter ignition delay time,faster combustion rate,lower impact sensitivity(30 J)and friction sensitivity(192 N).

关 键 词：含铝炸药 Al@Co 三维网络结构 CL-20/Al@Co/NBC复合物 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O64[理学—物理化学]