子女数量会影响个人和家庭收入吗?——基于家庭规模的讨论  

Does the Number of Children Affect Personal and Family Income?-Discussion Based on Family Size

作　　者：陈涛峰 刘英俊 Chen Taofeng;Liu Yingjun(School of Economics,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China;School of Economics,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102488,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学经济学院,天津300071 [2]中国社会科学院大学经济学院,北京102488

出　　处：《当代经济管理》2024年第11期62-74,共13页Contemporary Economic Management

基　　金：天津市哲学社会科学规划青年项目“积极应对人口老龄化国家战略中的养老服务体系建设研究”(TJSRQN23-001)。

摘　　要：探究子女数量对个人和家庭收入的影响大小与方向,对于中国制定适宜的人口政策有非常重大的意义。基于2011—2019年的中国社会状况综合调查(CSS)数据,文章实证分析了子女数量对个人总收入和家庭平均收入的影响。结果显示,子女数量增多显著降低了个人总收入,并且对女性、乡村、有5岁以下幼孩、无非农工作等群体的负向影响更大,但对家庭平均收入却无影响。文章运用家庭分工理论,从家庭规模视角进行讨论,发现对只有夫妻双方的小规模家庭,子女数量显著降低了女性收入但提升了男性收入;对家中含有老人的大规模家庭,个人总收入受到的负向影响较弱,家庭平均收入仍不被影响。研究认为家庭成员之间的分工能够减弱子女数量增多给个人收入带来的负向影响,生育政策应更加关注家庭。Exploring the impact and direction of the number of children on personal and family income is of great significance for China to formulate ap-propriate population policies.Based on the data of Chinese Social Survey(CSS)from 2011 to 2019,this paper empirically analyzes the influence of the number of children on the personaltotal income and the average family income.The results show that the increase in the number of children significantly reduces the personal total income,and has a greater negative impact on women,rural people,children under 5 years old,and those without non-agri-cultural jobs,but has no impact on the average family income.This study explained from the family size,and found the number of children significantly reduces the female income but increases the male income in small-scale families with only husband,wife and children.For families with elderly people,the negative impact of personal income is weak,and the average household income is not affected.This study holds that the division of labor among family members can smooth the negative impact of the increase in the number of children on personal income.

关 键 词：子女数量 生育决策 个人总收入 家庭平均收入 家庭分工理论 

分 类 号：F061.3[经济管理—政治经济学] D669[政治法律—政治学]