SiC_(f)/SiC陶瓷基复合材料增韧机理及界面相微区性能测试方法研究进展  

Research progress on toughening mechanism and interphase property testing methods of SiC_(f)/SiC ceramic matrix composites

作　　者：马浩林 吴晓晨 甄霞丽 李露 郑瑞晓 马朝利[1,2] MA Haolin;WU Xiaochen;ZHEN Xiali;LI Lu;ZHENG Ruixiao;MA Chaoli(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China;Tianmushan Laboratory,Hangzhou 311115,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100191 [2]天目山实验室,杭州311115

出　　处：《航空材料学报》2024年第5期174-186,共13页Journal of Aeronautical Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(92360304);中国航空发动机集团产学研合作项目(HFZL2020CXY022)。

摘　　要：作为一种典型的陶瓷基复合材料(ceramic matrix composites,CMC),SiC_(f)/SiC复合材料具有高比强度、耐高温、抗氧化和抗热震等优点,在航空航天领域应用前景广阔。纤维和基体中间的界面相具有保护纤维、传递载荷、偏转裂纹等作用,赋予SiC_(f)/SiC复合材料伪塑性断裂特征。界面相的设计方案会显著影响其微区性能,进而影响SiC_(f)/SiC复合材料宏观力学性能和损伤失效模式。近年来发展的基于聚焦离子束(focused ion beam,FIB)的微纳加工技术和基于纳米压痕的微观力学测试技术是表征SiC_(f)/SiC复合材料界面相微区性能的有效手段。本文综述了SiC_(f)/SiC界面相现有设计方案及界面相微区性能对增韧效果的影响机制,重点总结了单纤维顶出/顶入、微柱压缩等小尺寸力学测试(small-scale mechanical testing,SSMT)技术的应用现状及各方法的适用条件和优缺点。最后,对CMC界面相微区性能研究的发展趋势做了初步展望,并指出测试方法的标准化、测试环境的高温化及测试数据的模型化是未来的主要发展方向。As a typical ceramic matrix composite(CMC),SiC_(f)/SiC composite has enormous potential for application in the aerospace field because of the excellent properties such as high specific strength,high temperature resistance,oxidation resistance and good thermal shock resistance.The interphase between fiber and matrix plays a crucial role for protecting fibers,transmitting load and deflecting cracks,resulting in the pseudo-plastic fracture characteristics of SiC_(f)/SiC composites.The design scheme of interphase significantly affects its microstructural properties,thereby affecting the macroscopic mechanical properties and damage failure modes of SiC_(f)/SiC composites.In recent years,nano/micro fabrication techniques based on the focused ion beam(FIB)and nano/micro mechanical testing methods based on the nanoindentation are the effective methods to analyze and extract the interphase properties of SiC_(f)/SiC composites.The existing design schemes of interphase and the influence of interphase properties on toughening mechanism are reviewed.And also the application conditions,advantages and disadvantages of small-scale mechanical testing techniques including single fiber push-out/push-in and micropillar compression are summarized.Finally,the development trend for the research of CMC interphase properties are prospected:further standardizing the testing methods,building a hightemperature testing platform and modeling of testing data.

关 键 词：SiC_(f)/SiC陶瓷基复合材料 界面相 增韧机制 小尺寸力学测试技术 界面相微区性能 

分 类 号：V254.2[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]