低活性冶炼渣-全尾砂胶结充填体强度特征分析  

Analysis of Strength Characteristics of Low Activity Smelting Slag-Unclassified Tailings Cemented Paste Backfill

作　　者：张攀科 孙伟[1,2] 文瑶 蔡发雄 朱艾伦 丁凡煜 ZHANG Panke;SUN Wei;WEN Yao;CAI Faxiong;ZHU Ailun;DING Fanyu(Faculty of Land and Resources Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sino-German Blue Mining and Utilization of Special Underground Space,Kunming 650093,China;Faculty of Public Security and Emergency Management,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,云南昆明650093 [2]云南省中-德蓝色矿山与特殊地下空间开发利用重点实验室,云南昆明650093 [3]昆明理工大学公共安全与应急管理学院,云南昆明650093

出　　处：《昆明理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第5期59-67,118,共10页Journal of Kunming University of Science and Technology(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52474131,42467022);云南省重大科技项目关键金属矿产资源集中区深部绿色勘查与安全开采项目(202202AG050014);云南省基础研究计划项目(202101BE070001-038,202201AT070146).

摘　　要：针对矿石选冶过程中产生的尾砂及冶炼渣等固体废弃物,将其作为充填材料充填至井下采空区,对于实现矿山固废利用具有重要意义.本文选用某矿山冶炼渣、全尾砂为原料制备不同配比充填体试块进行单轴压缩试验,探究了不同冶炼渣掺量、质量浓度、灰砂比条件下充填体强度的变化规律,并通过响应曲面法分析各因素耦合作用下充填体强度的影响特性,运用Design-Expert软件建立实验因素与响应值关系的三维曲面图和等高线图.实验结果表明:其他条件固定不变,冶炼渣的添加在一定程度上降低了充填体的单轴抗压强度,且28 d充填体强度值降幅大于7 d充填体强度值降幅;质量浓度由74%提升至78%,灰砂比1∶4、1∶6、1∶12条件下,充填体7 d抗压强度增长率达到最大,分别为79.66%,91.96%和121.05%;当质量浓度、养护龄期一定时,随着灰砂比的降低,充填体试块单轴抗压强度有明显降低趋势.根据响应面设计原理,通过方差分析得到实验因素对响应目标的显著性影响次序依次为:灰砂比、质量浓度、冶炼渣掺量;由交互作用分析得到灰砂比和质量浓度对试块单轴抗压强度影响最显著;通过回归模型选择充填料浆的最优配比为冶炼渣掺量30%、质量浓度78%、灰砂比1∶4.The utilization of solid waste such as tailings and smelting slag generated during the ore dressing and smelting process as filling materials in underground goaf is of great significance for achieving the utilization of mining solid waste.In this paper,different proportions of smelting slag and total tailings were used as raw materials to prepare backfill specimens,and uniaxial compression tests were conducted.The variation law of the strength of the backfill under different conditions of smelting slag content,mass concentration,and cement-sand ratio was explored.The influence characteristics of the coupling effects of various factors on the strength of the backfill were analyzed using the response surface method.The experimental results showed that,with other conditions unchanged,the addition of smelting slag to some extent reduced the uniaxial compressive strength of the backfill,and the reduction in the 28 day strength value was greater than that in the 7 day strength value.When the mass concentration was increased from 74%to 78%,under the conditions of cement-sand ratios of 1∶4,1∶6,and 1∶12,the growth rates of the 7 day compressive strength of the backfill reached their maximum values,which were 79.7%,92%,and 121%respectively.When the mass concentration and curing age were kept constant,the uniaxial compressive strength of the backfill specimens showed a clear downward trend as the cement-sand ratio decreased.Based on the single-factor analysis,the significant influencing factors on the uniaxial compressive strength were found to be in the following order:cement-sand ratio,mass concentration,and smelting slag content.The interaction analysis revealed that the cement-sand ratio and mass concentration had the most significant impact on the uniaxial compressive strength of the specimens.The optimal proportion of the filling slurry was selected as a smelting slag content of 30%,the mass concentration of 78%,and cement-sand ratio of 1∶4 through the regression model.

关 键 词：冶炼渣 全尾砂 胶结充填 单轴抗压强度 响应曲面法 交互作用 

分 类 号：X75[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TD853.34[矿业工程—金属矿开采]