氟碳铈矿冶炼分离技术现状及发展趋势  

Technical Status and Development Trend of Hydrometallurgy and Separation of Bastnaesite

作　　者：王猛 李博 郝海青 赵龙胜 赵岩岩 夏超 冯宗玉 邢振兴 黄小卫[1,2,3] WANG Meng;LI Bo;HAO Haiqing;ZHAO Longsheng;ZHAO Yanyan;XIA Chao;FENG Zongyu;XING Zhenxing;HUANG Xiaowei(National Engineering Research Center for Rare Earth,Grirem Advanced Materials Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100088,China;Rare Earth Functional Materials(Xiong′an)Innovation Center Co.,Ltd.,Xiong′an 071700,Hebei,China;GRIMAT Engineering Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]有研稀土新材料股份有限公司,稀土国家工程研究中心,北京100088 [2]雄安稀土功能材料创新中心有限公司,河北雄安071700 [3]有研工程技术研究院有限公司,北京100088

出　　处：《有色金属（冶炼部分）》2024年第11期41-50,共10页Nonferrous Metals（Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52274355);国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC2905305)。

摘　　要：氟碳铈矿属氟碳酸盐类型稀土矿,常伴生有钡、锶、钙、铁、钍等元素,作为世界上工业应用最主要的稀土矿产资源之一,其冶炼分离技术的发展对稀土工业化进程具有重要影响。首先介绍了氟碳铈矿冶炼分离产业的发展现状,重点分析工业上冶炼氟碳铈稀土精矿普遍采用的氧化焙烧—盐酸浸出—碱转优溶主流工艺特点和存在的问题,进一步介绍了低温氧化焙烧—盐酸配位浸出、盐酸—硫酸联合法等氟碳铈矿冶炼分离新工艺研究进展及技术特点。最后,针对现阶段氟碳铈矿冶炼分离工艺的发展现状,从技术绿色化提升、生产数智化转型等方面提出了发展建议。Bastnaesite belongs to the fluoro carbonate-type rare earth ore,often associated with barium,strontium,calcium,iron,thorium,and other elements.As one of the most important rare earth resources with the most industrial applications in the world,the technological development in extraction and separation technology of bastnaesite is of great importance for industrialization of rare earth.The current status of extraction and separation industry of bastnaesite was introduced firstly.The characteristics and problems of the current mainstream techniques of oxidation roasting,hydrochloric acid leaching and alkali conversion,which is widely used in the industrial smelting of bastnaesite rare earth concentrate,were analyzed and reviewed.Then the new extraction and separation processes of bastnaesite,which contain low-temperature oxidation roasting and hydrochloric acid leaching method,and hydrochloric acid-sulfuric acid combination method,and other method as well as their characteristics,were reviewed.Finally,according to the current development status and problems of the bastnaesite extraction and separation process,the suggestions were put forward in terms of green upgrading and intelligent transformation of the technology.

关 键 词：氟碳铈矿 冶炼分离 绿色化提升 发展趋势 

分 类 号：TF845[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]