双碳战略下中国锑产业发展趋势  

Development Trend of Antimony Industry in China under Dual Carbon Strategy

作　　者：唐谟堂 唐朝波 杨建广 陈永明 杨声海 TANG Motang;TANG Chaobo;YANG Jianguang;CHEN Yongming;YANG Shenghai(School of Metallurgy and Environment,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学冶金与环境学院,长沙410083

出　　处：《有色金属（冶炼部分）》2024年第11期110-116,共7页Nonferrous Metals（Extractive Metallurgy)

摘　　要：锑是一种储量稀少且很难再生回收的战略性稀有金属,从供应端来看,近年来随着我国国内矿山资源的枯竭及环保要求的提高,锑资源储采比逐年降低,2023年储采比为6年,锑资源呈现长期供应趋紧的趋势,我国对国外锑资源的依赖度不断提高。另一方面,随着双碳战略的实施,光伏产业迅猛发展,光伏玻璃澄清剂的消费量迅速增长,2023年焦锑酸钠消费量超过6.24万t(折合锑金属量3.06万t),占锑总需求比例超过20%,已成为仅次于阻燃剂的第二大需求。未来随着双碳战略的实施和全球能源转型,光伏将成为未来全球主导能源之一,对焦锑酸钠的需求还将成倍增长,预计将超出目前锑产业供应的总量,这将对我国锑产业构成严峻挑战,我国应从资源勘探、采选冶、及资源回收等锑产业链各环节采取措施,以满足双碳战略下光伏行业对锑资源的增长需求。Antimony is a strategic rare metal with scarce reserves and difficult to recycle.From the supply side,in recent years,with the depletion of domestic mining resources and the improvement of environmental protection requirements,the reserve production ratio of antimony resources has been decreasing year by year(the ratio is six years in 2023),and antimony resources have shown a long-term trend of tight supply.China′s dependence on foreign antimony resources continues to increase.On the other hand,with the implementation of the dual carbon strategy,the photovoltaic industry has developed rapidly,and the consumption of photovoltaic glass clarifying agents is growing rapidly.In 2023,the consumption of sodium pyroantimonate exceeds 62400tons(equivalent to 30600tons of antimony metal),accounting for more than 20%of the total antimony demand,has become the second largest demand after flame retardants.In the future,with the implementation of the dual carbon strategy and global energy transformation,photovoltaics will become one of the leading global energy sources.The demand for sodium pyroantimonate will continue to grow exponentially,expected to exceed the total supply of the antimony industry chain in China.This will pose a severe challenge to China′s antimony industry.China should take measures in various links of the antimony industry chain,such as resource exploration,mining,processing and metallurgy,and resource recovery,to meet the growing demand for antimony resources in the photovoltaic industry under the dual carbon strategy.

关 键 词：锑 消费 光伏 双碳战略 焦锑酸钠 发展趋势 

分 类 号：TF818[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]