含砷固废高值利用探索:砷碱浸出渣无害化制备高强陶粒  

Exploration of High-Value Utilization of Arsenic-containing Solid Waste:Harmless Preparation of High Strength Ceramsite文献标志码:A from Arsenic-Alkali Leaching Residue

作　　者：桑孟超 彭竣 王宇峰 孙伟[1] 韩海生[1] SANG Mengchao;PENG Jun;WANG Yufeng;SUN Wei;HAN Haisheng(School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;Lengshuijiang Antimony Capital Environmental Protection Co.,Ltd.,Lengshuijiang 417500,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学资源加工与生物工程学院,长沙410083 [2]冷水江锑都环保有限责任公司,湖南冷水江417500

出　　处：《有色金属（冶炼部分）》2024年第11期197-207,共11页Nonferrous Metals（Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：湖南省“揭榜挂帅”项目(2023ZJ1110)。

摘　　要：砷碱浸出渣与陶粒主要组分SiO_(2)、Al_(2)O_(3)和碱性金属氧化物的原料组成具有一定相似性,其火法脱砷工艺与陶粒烧制工艺也极为相近。提出砷碱浸出渣脱砷收无害化制备陶粒的思路,通过还原焙烧将碑、锑挥发脱除后在烟气中进行捕集,捕集产物可直接返回锑冶炼系统,并在此基础上进行陶粒制备工艺探索。研究结果表明:在控制石英与氧化铝质量比Si/Al=6.5,碱性金属氧化物(Na_(2)O、CaO、Fe_(2)O_(3)、K_(2)O、MgO,下同)在陶粒原料(指砷碱浸出渣、石英、氧化铝)中的质量总占比为15%,外配炭量质量分数5%时,采用随炉升温、随炉降温的方式在氩气气氛中970℃保温30min,最终得到表观密度1022kg/m^(3),压裂力为461N的陶粒,、残留量分别为0.020%和0.44%,砷、锑挥发率分别达到99.19%和92.50%。研究结果为砷碱浸出渣及其他含砷固废的高值化利用提供了借鉴。The arsenic-alkali leaching residue contains certain compositional similarities to the main components of ceramsite,including SiO_(2),Al_(2)O_(3),and alkaline metal oxides.Additionally,the pyrometallurgical process for arsenic removal is closely resembles the firing process for ceramsite production.This study proposes an approach for the safe synthesis of ceramsite from arsenic-alkali leaching residue,which involves arsenic removal and antimony recovery.Through reduction roasting,arsenic and antimony are volatilized and subsequently captured in the flue gas.The collected by-products can be directly recycled back into the antimony smelting system,thereby laying a foundation for further exploration of ceramsite preparation processes.The experimental results indicate that,with the Si/Al mass ratio controlled at 6.5,the total mass proportion of alkaline metal oxides(Na_(2)O,CaO,Fe_(2)O_(3),K_(2)O,and MgO)in the raw materials(arsenic-alkali leaching residue,quartz,and alumina)maintains at 15%,and an external carbon addition of 5%,ceramsite with an apparent density of 1022 kg/m^(3) and a fracturing force of 461 N is successfully obtained.This is achieved by heating in an argon atmosphere at 970℃,with a holding time of 30 minutes using an in-furnace heating and cooling process.The residual arsenic and antimony contents are reduced to 0.020%and 0.44%,respectively,with volatilization rate of 99.19%for arsenic and 92.50%for antimony.These findings provide a valuable insights for the high-value utilization of arsenic-alkali leaching residues and other arsenic-containing solid wastes.

关 键 词：砷碱浸出渣 陶粒 砷 锑 

分 类 号：TF818[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] X758[环境科学与工程—环境工程]