复杂铂铱铑合金的活化溶解及铑提取工艺研究  

Study on Activation Dissolution and Rhodium Extraction of Complex Platinum-Iridium-Rhodium Alloy

作　　者：潘从明 高向乾 王得瑜 廉会良 杨丽虹 陈文斌 方潇 张云菲 PAN Congming;GAO Xiangqian;WANG Deyu;LIAN Huiliang;YANG Lihong;CHEN Wenbin;FANG Xiao;ZHANG Yunfei(Jinchuan Group Copper and Precious Metals Limited Company,Ltd.,Jinchang 737100,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]金川集团铜贵有限公司,甘肃金昌737100

出　　处：《有色金属（冶炼部分）》2024年第11期240-246,共7页Nonferrous Metals（Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：2023年甘肃省联合科研基金重点项目(23JRRC0008)。

摘　　要：针对复杂铂铱铑合金处理过程中存在的溶解效率低、精炼周期长等问题,开展了合金活化溶解、TBP萃取分离、阳离子交换、还原制备铑粉的工艺路线及技术条件探索。结果表明:采用铝粉为活化剂、合金与活化剂质量比为1∶9、反应温度1300℃、反应时间3 h,活化后合金中铂、铱、铑的溶解率均达到99%以上;采用TBP为萃取剂,控制萃前液中铂铱总浓度为15~20 g/L,电位1100 mV以上,可实现铂铱与铑的高效分离;采用甲酸配合聚乙烯吡咯烷酮还原法可快速制备出铑粉,铑粉的平均粒径为1~3μm,晶体结构为面心立方,与矿产一次资源中提取的铑粉性质相同。Address to the low dissolution efficiency and long refining cycle in the treatment of complex Pt-Ir-Rh alloy,the process route and technical conditions for activating dissolution of complex platinumiridium-rhodium alloys,TBP extraction and separation,cation exchange,and reduction preparation of rhodium powder were explored.The experimental results demonstrate that applying aluminum powder as activator,mass ratio of alloy to activator is 1∶9,reaction temperature is 1300℃,reaction time is 3h,the dissolution rate of platinum,iridium and rhodium in the activated alloy is more than 99%.By using TBP as extractant,the total concentration of platinum-iridium in the pre-extraction solution is controlled to be 15—20g/L,and the potential is more than 1100mV,the efficient separation of platinum-iridium and rhodium can be achieved.The reduction method involving formic acid combined with polyvinylpyrrolidone enables the rapid preparation of rhodium powder with an average particle size of 1—3μm and face-centered cubic crystal structure,which is same as the properties of rhodium powder extracted from primary mineral resources.

关 键 词：合金活化 铝粉 萃取分离 甲酸还原 

分 类 号：TF837[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]