论上古汉语否定副词的突显、强调功能  

On the Highlighting and Emphasizing Function of Negative Adverbs in Ancient Chinese

作　　者：张雨涛 Zhang Yutao(College of Arts,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China)

机构地区：[1]上海大学文学院,上海200444

出　　处：《伊犁师范大学学报》2024年第3期49-55,共7页Journal of Yili Normal University

基　　金：2022年度教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“面向上古汉语知识库的出土文献词汇语法研究”(22JJD740003)。

摘　　要：上古汉语中一类否定副词,可以在某些语境中不表否定语义,前人大多认为这些否定副词只是补足音节,没有其他意义。结合语例分析,这些不表否定义的否定词实际上含有突显、强调的语用功能。同时,以《史记》为代表的典籍中,出现了大量“羡余否定”的语例,否定词在其中同样起到强调内容、强化主观情态的作用。上述两种现象并非孤立,从外在形式到内在语义结合比较,它们可以认为是否定词的突显、强调的情态功能在不同的语言形式上的反映。In ancient Chinese,a type of negative adverb can not express negative meaning in certain contexts.Previous scholars generally believed that these negations were only complementary syllables and had no other meaning.Based on linguistic analysis,these negative words that do not express negation actually have implicit functions of highlighting and emphasizing.Meanwhile,in classic texts represented by Historical Records,there are numerous examples of"redundant negation",in which negation words also play a role in emphasizing content and strengthening subjective modality.The above two phenomena are not isolated.By comparing them from the external form to the internal semantic,they can be regarded as the reflection of the modal function of negative words in different language forms.

关 键 词：否定词 衬音形式 羡余否定 强调功能 主观情态 

分 类 号：H12[语言文字—汉语]