乾嘉时期京城文人的都城体验与诗文书写  

Capital Experience and Poetic Writing of Literati in the Capital During the Qianjia Period

作　　者：诸雨辰[1] ZHU Yu-chen

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学文学院

出　　处：《北京社会科学》2024年第10期32-41,共10页Social Sciences of Beijing

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目(21CZW062)——文话与清代文学生态研究。

摘　　要：乾嘉时期的文学与思想转型是学界关注的热点。通过观察清中期文人的诗文书写,可注意到京城文人日常生活中奢侈与穷困的两极化处境,亦可发现文人参与修禊雅集与诗社雅集时所感受到的时间流逝的加速感与交往距离的隔膜感。前者源于京城景观的变迁与宵禁制度,而后者则源于文物赏玩时视角的聚焦与价值排他性,二者共同造成了乾嘉京城文人的失落情绪。为了应对京城生活的压力与失落,文人不仅在诗文中咏叹遗迹、追忆前贤,更通过重建万柳堂、寄园等建筑实体与仪式活动,重塑文人的公共空间,以缓解文人在情感与身份认同上的焦虑。乾嘉文人的京城生活体验激发了他们时不我待的使命感与不服输的傲岸人格,这同样刺激了乾嘉时期文学及学术的发展与传承。The literature and thought transformation of Qianjia period is the focus of academic attention.By observing the poetry writings of the literati in the mid-Qing period,we can notice the polarization of luxury and poverty in the daily life of the literati in the capital,and also find the literati s sense of accelerated time passage and the sense of separation of interaction distance from their participation in the Elegant Gathering.The former stems from the changing landscape of the capital and the curfew system,while the latter stems from the focus of perspective and exclusivity in the appreciation of cultural relics,both of which together caused the loss of literati in the Qianjia capital.In order to cope with the pressure and loss of life in the capital,the literati not only lamented the relics and memorialized their predecessors in their poems,but also reshaped the public space of the literati through the reconstruction of architectural entities and ceremonial activities such as the Hall of the Willows and the Sending Garden,to alleviate the literati's anxieties about their emotions and identities.The Qianjia literati's experience of living in the capital inspired their sense of mission and unyielding arrogance,which also stimulated the development and inheritance of literature and scholarship in Qianjia period.

关 键 词：乾嘉时期 京城 文人心态 雅集 诗文书写 

分 类 号：I222[文学—中国文学]