基于Ripley L函数的云冷杉针阔混交林优势树种幼树的空间格局分析  

Spatial pattern analysis of dominant tree species saplings in spruce-fir coniferous and broadleaved mixed forests based on Ripley L function

作　　者：许芳泽 孙海龙 史景宁[1] 贺丹妮 王福增 向玮 Xu Fangze;Sun Hailong;Shi Jingning;He Danni;Wang Fuzeng;Xiang Wei(State Key Laboratory of Forest Resource and Environmental Management,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Wangqing Forestry Branch of Changbai Mountain Forest Industry Group,Yanji 133200,Jilin,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学森林资源和环境管理国家林草局重点实验室,北京100083 [2]吉林省长白山森工集团汪清林业分公司,吉林延吉133200

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2024年第10期1-10,共10页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFD2200502-04);国家自然科学基金项目(32160366)。

摘　　要：【目的】林下幼树的生长和分布通常决定着森林未来林分的结构组成和生长动态,探究优势树种幼树的空间分布格局及种间关联性,以期为森林生态系统的恢复和森林演替动态的预测提供科学依据。【方法】以吉林省汪清县金沟岭林场1 hm2云冷杉针阔混交林样地内的5个优势树种(臭冷杉、鱼鳞云杉、红松、紫椴和五角槭)幼树为研究对象,分别使用一元Ripley L和二元Ripley L函数对5种幼树的种间空间关联性以及幼树与中树、成树间的种内空间关联性进行分析。【结果】(1)样地内共调查到幼树471株,数量上表现为臭冷杉(357)>鱼鳞云杉(47)>紫椴(23)>五角槭(12)>红松(14),臭冷杉占据绝对优势。(2)臭冷杉、鱼鳞云杉和紫椴幼树的空间格局在0~50 m范围内,随尺度增加表现为聚集–均匀–随机的分布模式;五角槭以聚集分布为主,仅在23~28 m尺度上呈随机分布;红松在14~21 m、31~36 m及39~50 m尺度上呈聚集分布,在其余尺度上均呈随机状态分布。(3)幼树种间关系在中小尺度(0~36 m)上以显著的空间正相关为主,在大尺度(36~50 m)以不相关为主,仅臭冷杉幼树在42~50 m上与其余树种呈显著空间负相关,表明5种幼树间保持着良好的共存的关系。(4)种内空间关联性在0~50 m尺度上以正相关为主,仅臭冷杉幼树与成树在42~50 m较大尺度上存在显著空间负相关,表明种内促进作用明显。【结论】在水平结构上,影响该林分幼树空间分布格局及其关联性的主要因素是种子的扩散限制及环境异质性,幼树在小尺度上以聚集分布为主;在垂直结构上,主林层对幼树具有明显的“庇护效应”,5种幼树种内、种间均存在着良好的互利共生的关系。因此,在天然云冷杉针阔混交次生林的恢复中,建议根据林分经营需要,在0~36 m的小尺度上进行以上幼树的聚集性补植补种,聚集程度为臭冷杉>云杉>红松,以提高幼树的存活�[Objective]The structure and dynamics of dominant tree species saplings determine the structure and growth dynamics of future stand.Investigating the spatial distribution patterns and interspecies associations of dominant tree seedlings is of significant theoretical and practical importance for the restoration of forest ecosystems and the prediction of forest succession dynamics.[Method]This study focused on five dominant tree species in a 1-hectare mixed coniferous and broadleaved forest plot in the Jingouling Forest Farm,Wangqing County,Jilin Province of northeastern China.The spatial correlations between five kinds of saplings and the intraspecific spatial correlations between saplings and juveniles and adults were analyzed by univariate Ripley L and bivariate Ripley L functions.[Result]A total of 471 saplings were investigated in the plot,and the quantity size was as follows:Abies nephrolepis(357)>Picea jezoensis var.komarovii(47)>Tilia amurensis(23)>Acer pictum subsp.mono(22)>Pinus koraiensis(14).Abies nephrolepis occupied an absolute advantage.The spatial patterns of Abies nephrolepis,Picea jezoensis var.komarovii and Tilia amurensis saplings with the increase of scale conformed to the aggregation-uniform-random distribution pattern;the scales of aggregated distribution of Pinus koraiensis were 14−21 m,31−36 m and 39−50 m,and other scales were random.Acer pictum subsp.mono distributed randomly in 0−50 m and distributed aggregately at few scales(23−38 m).The interspecific relationships between saplings were mostly positively correlated with the significant indigenous space(0−36 m),uncorrelated on the 36−42 m scale,and only saplings of Abies nephrolepis were negatively correlated with the significant indigenous space on a large scale(42−50 m),indicating that the five saplings maintained a good relationship of mutual benefit and symbiosis.The intraspecific correlation was mainly spatial positive correlation,and there was a significant negative correlation between saplings and adult trees in lar

关 键 词：混交林 幼树 Ripley L函数 空间分布格局 空间关联性 

分 类 号：S791.142[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S791.18[农业科学—林学] S791.247