西藏日喀则地区的活断层基本特征及地震灾害潜在风险评估  

The basic characteristics of active faults in the region of Xigaze,Xizang and the assessment of potential earthquake disaster risks

作　　者：黄婷 吴中海[1,2] 韩帅 高扬 柏伟国 Huang Ting;Wu Zhonghai;Han Shuai;Gao Yang;Bai Weiguo(Institute of Geomechanics,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Key Laboratory of Active Tectonics and Geological Safety,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100081,China;Earthquake Agency of Tibet Autonomous Region,Xizang Lhasa 850000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,北京100081 [2]自然资源部活动构造与地质安全重点实验室,北京100081 [3]西藏自治区地震局,西藏拉萨850000

出　　处：《地震科学进展》2024年第10期696-711,共16页Progress in Earthquake Sciences

基　　金：西藏自治区第1次全国自然灾害综合风险普查项目(2022年地震灾害部分)(XZLX-BMC-2022-053);国家自然科学基金项目(42202259)联合资助。

摘　　要：我国是世界上大陆地震频发、受地震灾害影响最为严重的国家之一。尤其是青藏高原地区,陆内地震空间分布广、震源深度浅、成因类型复杂、灾害损失严重,是典型的地震多发地带,开展地震地质调查工作的需求日益迫切。本文结合区域地质资料,以高精度卫星遥感影像和DEM高程数据为基础,对日喀则地区活断层进行精细解译。结果表明,日喀则地区活断层主要集中在境内裂谷及其周缘,其构造活动性具有空间差异,东部裂谷内活断层构造活动性强于西部各裂谷,各个裂谷内活断层构造活动性也呈现明显的分段性特征。同时,本文综合考虑日喀则地区活断层特征、地形地貌特征及地层岩性3个因素,对该地区所辖204个乡镇的地震灾害潜在风险评估初步结果表明,该地区地震灾害“极高风险”“高风险”“高-中风险”的乡镇有57个,约占全区乡镇总数的28%。China is one of the countries in the world with the most frequent occurrence of continental earthquakes and the greatest impacts of earthquake disasters.In particular,the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is a region characterized by a wide spatial distribution of continental earthquakes,shallow epicenters,complex seismic origins,and significant disaster losses,making it highly susceptible to seismic events.The need for seismic geological survey is becoming increasingly urgent in this area.Based on regional geological eological data,high-precision satellite remote sensing images and DEM elevation data,this paper interprets the active faults in the region of Xigaze.The results show that the active faults in the Xigaze area are mainly concentrated in the rift valleys and their periphery,with tectonic activity varying spatially.The tectonic activity of active faults in the eastern rift is stronger than that in the western rifts.Additionally,the tectonic activity of active faults in each rift also shows a clear segmentation feature.At the same time,this paper comprehensively considers the characteristics of active faults,topography and geomorphology and stratigraphic lithology in the Xigaze area.It preliminarily evaluates the potential risk of earthquake disasters in 204 towns under its jurisdiction.The results show that there are 57 towns with“extremely high risk”“high risk”and“high-medium risk”of earthquake disasters,accounting for about 28%of the total number of towns in the region.

关 键 词：日喀则地区 活断层 地震灾害 风险评估 

分 类 号：P315.2[天文地球—地震学]