算法统制下平台经济从业人员的主体性危机与法律地位认定  

Subjective Crisis and Legal Status of Platform Employees under Algorithmic Control

作　　者：李志强[1] LI Zhiqiang

机构地区：[1]兰州大学法学院,兰州730000

出　　处：《上海交通大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第10期61-73,124,共14页Journal of Shanghai Jiao tong University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金西部项目“老年人独立原则立法研究”(19XFX009);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“积极老龄化视阈(域)下我国老年人群体的立法分类与应对研究”(18YJC820041);北京中科文育国际文化院特别委托项目“数字平台用工模式与算法规制研究”(24CSCETWT005)。

摘　　要：平台经济从业人员是一种兼容线下与线上数字孪生身份的复合主体存在,并非纯正劳动法意义上的劳动者,而是可叠加多种法律地位人员的统称。在平台系统超级算法的动态统制与驯化下,平台凭借其海量数据的优势地位,与平台经济从业人员之间呈现出了超越传统劳动关系认定标准的新的用工关系形态,让传统意义上的劳动关系去中心化倾向日渐加剧,导致平台经济从业人员权益受损时面临“无救济伤害”的客观风险。如何有效规制平台资本无序扩张与劳动力被动式自由权益损害加剧之间的矛盾发展态势?只有祛魅平台背后平台系统算法统制与驯化下的去中心化平台用工运行逻辑,“穿透”平台数字化网络单元形成的劳动控制网内“制度茧房”中的合同自由本质,强化对平台用工关系的过程监管、要素监管和技术监管,才能科学定位平台经济从业人员的法律地位,为有效规制资本的无序扩张、平衡平台与其从业人员之间的利益博弈、科学引导互联网数字化平台创新性商业模式的健康发展提供行之有效的法律对策。Platform economy employees are composite entities that are compatible with offline and online digital twin identities.They are not workers in the sense of pure labor law,but a collective term for people with multiple legal statuses.Under the dynamic control and domestication of the super algorithm of the platform system,the platform,by virtue of its dominant position of massive data,presents a new form of employment relationship with platform economy employees that surpasses the traditional labor relationship identification standards,leading to an increasing trend towards decentralization in traditional labor relations,which results in the objective risk of“no relief injury”when the rights and interests of platform employees are damaged.How to effectively regulate the development of the contradiction between the disorderly expansion of platform capital and the intensification of the passive freedom rights and interests of labor?Only by disenchanting the decentralizing labor operation logic of the platform under the control and domestication of the platform system algorithm behind the platform,by“penetrating”the essence of contract freedom in the“institutional cocoon room”in the labor control network formed by the digital network unit of the platform,and by strengthening the process supervision,factor supervision,and technical supervision of the platform labor relationship,can the legal status of platform economy employees be scientifically located,to provide effective legal countermeasures for effectively regulating the disorderly expansion of capital,balance the game of interests between the platform and its practitioners,and scientifically guide the development of innovative business models of Internet digital platforms.

关 键 词：算法 平台经济 平台经济从业人员 主体性危机 法律地位 

分 类 号：D922.5[政治法律—民商法学] D922.16[政治法律—法学]