赣南设施丝瓜根结线虫种类鉴定及杀线剂对其防效测定  

Identification of root-knot nematode species in green house sponge gourd in Gannan area and efficacy of Nematicides

作　　者：胡江涛 杨勇 宋倩 熊春晖 张静燕 钟秋瓒 朱启寒 骆振营 戈伶俐 周英 扶京龙 Hu Jiangtao;Yang Yong;Song Qian;Xiong Chuihui;Zhang Jingyan;Zhong Qiuzan;Zhu Qihan;Luo Zhengying;Ge Lingli;Zhou Ying;Fu Jinglong(Ganzhou Vegetable and Flower Research Institute,Ganzhou 341413,China;Gannan Academy of Sciences,Ganzhou 341000,China;Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;Jiangxi Facility Vegetable Technology Inno-vation Center,Ganzhou 341413,China)

机构地区：[1]赣州市蔬菜花卉研究所,江西赣州341413 [2]江西省设施蔬菜技术创新中心,江西赣州341413 [3]赣南科学院,江西赣州341000 [4]江西农业大学农学院,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第5期40-48,共9页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：江西南方地区设施蔬菜提质增效关键技术研究与示范(20212BBF61004);赣南设施蔬菜土壤根结线虫鉴定及综合防治技术研究(赣市科发[2019]60号);油菜饼粕对设施蔬菜根结线虫的防控应用研究(赣市科发[2023]44号);赣南地方丝瓜主要农艺性状研究(赣市科院字[2022]20号)。

摘　　要：[目的]针对赣南地区设施蔬菜根结线虫病危害严重问题,鉴定赣南地区设施丝瓜根结线虫病病原物种类,明确化学杀线剂对病原物的毒力活性并进行田间防效试验,为丝瓜根结线虫病的防控提供理论支撑。[方法]采用五点取样法采集南康区具有丝瓜根结线虫病典型特征病害样品进行分离、纯化及致病性测定,观察分离物的形态特征,通过rDNA-ITS序列和28S rDNA D2D3序列进行测序分析。以该根结线虫二龄幼虫(J2s)为材料,进行室内毒杀活性测定和田间防效试验。[结果]丝瓜根结线虫分离纯化后进行室内回接,丝瓜产生明显根结,且与自然发病典型特征一致,再分离后得到与接种病原线虫形态特征一致的线虫。该病原线虫的形态特征与南方根结线虫Meloidogyne incognita基本一致,rDNA-ITS序列及28S rDNA D2D3序列与Genebank中M.incognita相似性达99%以上,构建系统发育树发现该病原线虫与M.incognita聚在一支。室内毒力测定结果表明:5%阿维菌素EC对M.incognita毒杀活性最高,24 h时EC_(50)为1.1065 mg·L^(-1),41.7%氟吡菌酰胺SC、11%阿维·噻唑膦GR和20%噻唑膦EW依次减弱,24 h和72 h时EC_(50)分别为1.8919 mg·L^(-1)和0.3552 mg·L^(-1)、5.4762 mg·L^(-1)和3.7078 mg·L^(-1)、39.8616 mg·L^(-1)和32.1498 mg·L^(-1)。田间防效试验结果表明:5%阿维菌素EC和41.7%氟吡菌酰胺SC处理对土壤中根结线虫相对防效分别为70.49%和77.99%,作物根结防治效果分别为58.41%和68.71%,均高于其它处理。[结论]赣南地区设施丝瓜根结线虫病病原物为M.incognita,5%阿维菌素EC和41.7%氟吡菌酰胺SC对M.incognita室内毒力和田间防治效果均较好。[Objective]To address the serious problem of root-knot nematode disease in greenhouse vegetables in Gannan region,this study aimed to identify the pathogen species causing root-knot nematode disease in greenhouse-grown sponge gourd and to evaluate the toxicity and field control efficacy of chemical nematicides against the pathogen.The results would provide theoretical support for controlling root-knot nematodes in Luffa.[Method]Samples showing typical root-knot nematode disease symptoms were collected from Nankang district using a five-point sampling method.The sample were isolated,purified,and tested pathogenicity.The morphological characteristics of the isolates were observed,and sequencing analysis was conducted using rDNA-ITS and 28S rDNA D2D3 sequences.The second-stage juveniles (J2s) of the root-knot nematode were used as materials for toxicity determination and field control tests.[Results]After isolation and purification of the root-knot nematodes,indoor re-inoculation of sponge gourd resulted in the formation of typical root knots,consistent with the natural disease symptoms.The nematodes isolated post-reinoculation exhibited morphological characteristics consistent with the inoculated pathogenic nematodes.The morphological characteristics of the pathogenic nematode were essentially identical to those of Meloidogyne incognita.The rDNA-ITS and 28S rDNA D2D3 sequences showed over 99%similarity with M.incognita in Genbank.Phylogenetic tree construction revealed that the pathogenic nematode clustered with M.incognita.Toxicity testing showed that 5%abamectin EC exhibited the highest toxicity against M.incognita,with a 24-hour EC_(50) of 1.106 5 mg·L^(-1).The effectiveness of41.7%fluopyram SC,11%abamectin-fosthiazate GR,and 20%fosthiazate EW followed,with 24-hour and 72-hour EC_(50) values of 1.891 9 mg·L^(-1) and 0.355 2 mg·L^(-1),5.476 2 mg·L^(-1) and 3.707 8 mg·L^(-1),39.861 6 mg·L^(-1) and 32.149 8 mg·L^(-1),respectively.Field efficacy trials demonstrated that the relative control efficacy of 5%abam

关 键 词：赣南地区 设施丝瓜 根结线虫 病原鉴定 防效测定 

分 类 号：S432.1[农业科学—植物病理学]