无损可动态监测的铁质文物真空脱盐装置设计及应用  

Design and Application of Vacuum Desalting Device with Non-Destructive and Dynamic Monitoring for Iron Cultural Relics

作　　者：张育喆 吴玉清[1,2,3] 王菊琳 陆褚君文[1,2,3] 李佳骏 ZHANG Yuzhe;WU Yuqing;WANG Julin;LU chujunwen;LI jiajun(College of Material Science and Engineering,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China;Key Research Base of National Cultural Heritage Administration for Science and Technology Evaluation and Research in the Field of Cultural Heritage Protection,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100029 [2]北京化工大学材料电化学过程与技术北京市重点实验室,北京100029 [3]文物保护领域科技评价研究国家文物局重点科研基地,北京100029

出　　处：《腐蚀与防护》2024年第10期23-29,共7页Corrosion & Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFC1522100)。

摘　　要：设计并制作了一套无损可动态监测铁质文物的真空脱盐装置,采用去离子水为脱盐溶液,通过脱盐溶液电导率、氯离子含量动态监测其脱盐效率,同时通过对比铁质文物脱盐前后的外观、质量和表面组分变化,评价脱盐效果。结果表明:采用该装置进行脱盐可大幅度提升脱盐效率,溶出的氯离子主要为游离态,脱盐2 h时脱盐溶液中氯离子质量浓度达到88.11 mg/L,相当于同条件下浸泡脱盐法的5.32倍;在本试验条件下,真空脱盐法所得氯离子溶出总量始终大于浸泡脱盐法,真空脱盐第1轮的氯离子溶出量达798.94 mg,相当于浸泡脱盐法的3.18倍。同时,该真空脱盐装置不仅不会对铁质文物造成额外伤害,还可有效避免铁质文物在脱盐过程中的氧化。A vacuum desalting device for iron cultural relics with non-destructive and dynamic monitoring was designed and made,and deionized water was used as the desalting solution.The desalting efficiency was dynamically monitored by the conductivity and chloride content of the desalting solution,and the desalting effect was evaluated by comparing the changes in appearance,quality and surface components of iron cultural relics before and after desalting.The results show that the vacuum desalting method could greatly improve the desalting efficiency,and the dissolved chloride ions were mainly in the free state.The chloride ion concentration in the desalting solution reached 88.11 mg/L after 2 h of desalting,which was 5.32 times that of the soaking desalting method under the same conditions.Under the conditions of this experiment,the total amount of chloride ions dissolved by vacuum desalination method was always greater than that by soaking desalination method.The amount of chloride ion dissolution in the first round of vacuum desalting group was 798.94 mg,which was 3.18 times of that in soaking desalting group.At the same time,the vacuum desalting device not only does not cause additional damage to iron cultural relics,but also can effectively avoid the oxidation of iron cultural relics in the desalting process.

关 键 词：真空脱盐 铁质文物 动态监测 锈蚀产物 

分 类 号：TG174[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]