施氮量对水稻品种太安1号产量和品质的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Application on Grain Yield and Quality of Tai’an 1

作　　者：张玉[1] 张秋丽[1] 李刚[1] 宋安易 胡海峰[2] ZHANG Yu;ZHANG Qiu-li;LI Gang(Shanghai Agricultural Technology Extension and Service Center,Shanghai 201103)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业技术推广服务中心,上海201103 [2]上海市闵行区农业技术服务中心,上海201100

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第20期123-126,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：上海市水稻产业技术体系建设(沪农科产字〔2023〕第3号)。

摘　　要：以优质食味粳稻新品种太安1号为研究对象,通过大田对比试验方法,设置7种施氮水平,分别为0、135、180、225、270、315、360 kg/hm^(2),研究不同施氮水平对太安1号稻谷产量和稻米品质的影响。结果表明,在一定范围内,产量随着氮肥用量的增加呈先上升后下降的变化趋势,其中氮素水平315 kg/hm^(2)处理的表现最高,但有倒伏风险;在稻米品质方面,随氮肥用量的增加,糙米率、精米率和整精米率均有所上升,碾米品质逐渐提高;但垩白度和垩白粒率随施氮量的增加显著增加,稻米外观品质有所下降;蛋白质含量随施氮量增加逐渐升高,而直链淀粉含量和胶稠度与施氮量相关不显著。该试验条件下,施氮量在270~315 kg/hm^(2),太安1号的产量和品质较为理想。The new high-quality and delicious japonica rice variety Tai’an 1 as the research material,seven nitrogen application levels treatments were set up,which were 0 kg/hm^(2)(CK),135 kg/hm^(2)(N1),180 kg/hm^(2)(N2),225 kg/hm^(2)(N3),270 kg/hm^(2)(N4),315 kg/hm^(2)(N5)and 360 kg/hm^(2)(N6)respectively,to study the effects of different nitrogen application rates on the yield and quality of Tai'an 1.The experimental results showed that within a certain range,the yield showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of nitrogen application,and the highest performance observed in the treatment of 315 kg/hm^(2).In terms of rice quality,as the amount of nitrogen fertilizer increase,the brown rice rate,milled rice rate,and whole milled rice rate increase,and the milling quality gradually improved.The chalkiness degree and chalky grain rate significantly increased with the increase of nitrogen application,while the appearance quality decreased;the protein content showed an increasing trend with the increase of nitrogen application,while the changes in amylose content and gel consistency with nitrogen application were not significant.Under the conditions of this experiment,the yield and quality of Tai’an 1 could be coordinated when the nitrogen application level ranges from 270 to 315 kg/hm^(2).

关 键 词：施氮量 太安1号 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]