层状双羟基氢氧化物及其衍生物在锂硫电池中的应用  

Application of Layered Double Hydroxides and Their Derivatives in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

作　　者：葛世伟 赵倩 刘玉[1] 刘耀阳 韦楚 GE Shiwei;ZHAO Qian;LIU Yu;LIU Yaoyang;WEI Chu(State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material and Green Papermaking,Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science&Technology of Ministry of Education,Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences),Jinan 250353,China)

机构地区：[1]齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院)生物基材料与绿色造纸国家重点实验室,制浆造纸科学与技术教育部重点实验室,济南250353

出　　处：《材料导报》2024年第20期11-20,共10页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52102269);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2020QE06);齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院)科教产融合试点工程基础研究类项目(2023PY008)。

摘　　要：锂硫电池具有超高的理论能量密度、较低的材料成本,是极有前途的下一代储能体系。但硫导电性差、充放电过程中的穿梭效应、体积膨胀、负极锂枝晶等问题造成锂硫电池的比容量低、容量衰减严重、库仑效率差,影响了其实际应用。层状双羟基氢氧化物(LDHs)是一种二维材料,具有可调节的插层结构、可控的表面化学性质和独特的拓扑转换特性,作为储能材料受到了广泛的关注。LDHs对多硫化物具有良好的约束能力,作为锂硫电池正极硫载体可以高效吸附和催化充放电过程中产生的多硫化物,减少多硫化物的迁移,加快氧化还原反应动力学,从而提升锂硫电池的电化学性能。此外,二维LDHs可涂覆于隔膜作为正极与隔膜间的中间层,通过物理作用阻挡多硫化物向负极的迁移,抑制穿梭效应;LDHs用于锂负极可以促进金属锂的均匀成核和沉积。目前LDHs在锂硫电池中应用广泛,本文综述了LDH及其衍生物在锂硫电池中的应用优势,介绍了其在锂硫电池正极、中间层、负极中的应用现状,指出了LDHs材料在锂硫电池中的发展方向。Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries are promising next-generation energy storage systems due to their high theoretical energy density and low material cost.However,the application of Li-S batteries is hindered by the poor electrical conductivity of sulfur,the shuttle effect of polysulfide during charge-discharge process,the volume expansion and the lithium dendrites,which result in low capacity,severe capacity decay and inferior Coulombic efficiency of the batteries.Layered double hydroxides(LDHs)are two-dimensional materials with adjustable intercalation structure,controllable surface chemistry and unique topological conversion properties,which have received widespread attention in energy storage systems.In Li-S batteries,the LDHs have good confinement properties for polysulfides,which can efficiently adsorb and catalyze the polysulfides,accelerate the kinetics of the redox reaction when used as sulfur host,thus enhance the electrochemical performance of Li-S batteries.Moreover,the two-dimensional LDHs can also be used as an interlayer between cathode and separator to physically inhibit the shuttle effect of Li-S batteries.Furthermore,when used in lithium anode,the LDHs can promote the uniform nucleation and deposition of lithium metal.So,in this paper,we summarize the advantage of LDHs and their derivatives in the cathode,interlayer and anode of Li-S batteries,and point out the development direction of LDHs materials in Li-S batteries.

关 键 词：层状双羟基氢氧化物 可调节的插层结构 约束能力 锂硫电池 

分 类 号：O646[理学—物理化学]