城市园林植物群落多样性调查分析  

Investigation and analysis of plant community diversity in urban gardens

作　　者：郝润华 冯子江 郭晖[1] HAO Runhua;FENG Zijiang;GUO Hui(Xinxiang University,Xinxiang 453004,China;Henan Institute of Science and Technology,Xinxiang 453003,China)

机构地区：[1]新乡学院,河南新乡453004 [2]河南科技学院,河南新乡453003

出　　处：《安徽农学通报》2024年第20期58-62,共5页Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin

摘　　要：本研究以河南新乡道路绿地、公园绿地等4类园林绿地为调查对象,采用样方法调查园林绿地植物的物种组成、空间分布、群落结构和物种来源,对比分析各类型植物群落物种的Pielou均匀度指数、Simpson指数、Shannon-Wiener指数、Margalef指数、Patrick指数和综合评价指数(B),对其群落多样性进行分析。结果表明,调查区园林植物共计318种,分属93科207属。从绿地水平空间上看,不同园林绿地植物种类由多到少依次为公园绿地(264种)、单位附属绿地(173种)、居住区绿地(105种)和道路绿地(84种);从植物的垂直空间分布上看,乔灌木层植物组成种类较丰富,而地被层的植物组成种类数量相对较低。植物群落配置以乔+灌+草结构为主,乡土植物占所调查植物物种总数的60.4%。植物多样性综合评价结果和反映物种丰富度的Patrick指数和Margalef指数结果一致,物种多样性由高到低依次为道路绿地、公园绿地、居住区绿地和单位附属绿地。研究结果可为城市园林植物群落营建及园林植物配置提供参考。4 types of plant community green space garden including road green space and park green space,in Xinxiang City,Henan Province,were taken as the research object.The species composition,spatial distribution,community structure and plant origin of the plant community in the green space was investigated by using the sample method,and the Pielou evenness index,Simpson index,Shannon-Wiener index,Margalef index,Patrick index and comprehensive evaluation index(B)were compared and analyzed for each type of plant community.The results showed that the existing garden plants totaled 318 species,belonging to 93 families and 207 genera.From the horizontal space,the garden plant species of different green areas were,in descending order,park green areas(264 species),unitaffiliated green areas(173 species),residential green areas(105 species)and road green areas(84 species).From the vertical spatial distribution of the plants,the plants in the tree-shrub layer had a high species composition,while the ground cover layer had a relatively low species component.The plant community configuration is dominated by treeshrub-grass structure,and native plants account for 60.4%of the total number of plant species investigafed.The results of the comprehensive evaluation of plant diversity were consistent with the results of Patrick index and Margalef index reflecting species richness,the species diversity in oeder form high to low were road green space,park green space,residential green space,and unit-affiliated green space.This results provided a reference for the construction and allocation of urban garden plant communities.

关 键 词：物种多样性 群落结构 城市园林植物 植物配置 

分 类 号：S688[农业科学—观赏园艺]