稻茬麦田杂草发生与防除措施分析  

Analysis of the occurrence and control measures of weeds in wheat field after rice

作　　者：姚有梅 YAO Youmei(Yinxian Town Agricultural Technology Extension Comprehensive Service Station,Shouxian 232253,China)

机构地区：[1]寿县隐贤镇农业技术推广综合服务站,安徽寿县232253

出　　处：《安徽农学通报》2024年第20期81-84,共4页Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin

摘　　要：本文总结分析了稻茬麦田杂草发生情况、草害发生原因,并提出综合防除措施。稻茬麦田杂草发生量较大,草相复杂,禾本科杂草和阔叶杂草混发,杂草与小麦争光、争水和争肥,对稻茬麦的产量和品质影响较大。影响稻茬麦田杂草发生的因素包括种植制度、秸秆还田和防除措施等。采取农业措施(提高耕地质量、改变种植结构和改善田间管理等)与化学防除(封闭除草、茎叶防除和春后补防等)相结合的方法防治麦田杂草,针对不同类型田块,提出了科学的除草方案,采取封闭除草和茎叶化除各1次(“一封一杀”)方案解决大多数田块杂草,特殊田块可采取1次封闭除草和2次茎叶化除(“一封两杀”)方案。研究结果为促进稻茬麦生产良性发展,提高稻茬麦种植效益提供参考。The occurrence of weeds in wheat field after rice,the causes of weed damage were summarized and analyzed,and comprehensive control measures was proposed.The occurrence of weeds in wheat field after rice was relatively high,and the grass phase was complex.Poaceae weeds and broad-leaved weeds coexist,and weeds compete with wheat for light,water,and fertilizer,which had a significant impact on the yield and quality of rice stubble wheat.The factors that affected the occurrence of weeds in wheat field after rice include planting systems,straw returning,and control measures.The methods of combining agricultural measures(improving farmland quality,changing planting structure,and improving field management)with chemical control(closed weeding,stem and leaf control,and post spring supplementary control)was adopted to prevent and control weeds in wheat fields.Scientific weeding plans were proposed for different types of fields,and the closed weeding and stem and leaf removal(“one closed,one weeding”)plan was adopted to solve most of the weeds in the fields.Special fields can adopt the 1 closed weeding and 2 stem and leaf removal(“one closed,two weeding”)plan.The research results provide references for promoting the healthy development of wheat after rice production and improving the planting efficiency of wheat after rice.

关 键 词：稻茬麦 杂草 综合防治 封闭除草 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]