粮食主产区耕地利用生态效率评价及时空特征分析——基于SBM-Undesirable模型和ESDA方法  

Evaluation and Spatial-Temporal Characteristics of Ecological Efficiency of Cultivated Land Use in Major Grain-Producing Areas:Based on SBM-Undesirable Model and ESDA Method

作　　者：王智鹏 叶智浩 廖文梅[1,2] WANG Zhipeng;YE Zhihao;LIAO Wenmei(School of Economics and Management,Jiangxi Agriculture University,Nanchang Jiangxi 330045,China;Jiangxi Academy of Rural Revitalization,Jiangxi Agriculture University,Nanchang Jiangxi 330045,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学经济管理学院,江西南昌330045 [2]江西农业大学江西省乡村振兴战略研究院,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《生态经济》2024年第11期110-118,共9页Ecological Economy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目“高质量发展背景下粮食主产区耕地生态集约利用的影响机理及调控政策研究”(42201294);江西省社会科学基金项目“‘双碳’背景下江西生态产品价值实现机制及其多元实现路径研究”(22YJ34);江西省高校人文社会科学研究项目“江西生态产品价值实现研究:价值核算、实现机制及实现路径”(JC22248);江西省研究生创新专项资金项目“粮食主产区耕地生态利用效率评价及影响机制研究——基于宏观和微观视角”(YC2023-S402)。

摘　　要：提高耕地利用生态效率是提高农业综合生产能力、确保国家粮食安全的根本保障,是优化土地资源利用、实现“藏粮于地”的有效途径。利用13个粮食主产省份2005—2020年的面板数据,运用包含非期望产出的SBM模型测算粮食主产区的耕地利用生态效率,并结合探索性空间数据分析(ESDA)方法揭示空间演化趋势及空间相关性。研究结果表明:(1)时间上,粮食主产区耕地利用生态效率整体呈现上升趋势,2009年和2017年有不同程度的下降;(2)空间上,存在明显的空间异质性和演变性,DEA有效区由东北地区逐渐扩散到华北、西南以及中南地区;(3)耕地利用生态效率损失主要来源于过多的劳动力投入以及农药化肥等污染物的使用,DEA无效区的耕地利用生态效率改善路径存在差异。构建邻近省域的协同机制、因地制宜制定耕地保护政策、加快粮食主产区劳动力转移以及建立耕地碳排放核算部门是改善耕地利用生态效率和实现耕地可持续生产的有效措施。To improve the ecological efficiency of cultivated land utilization is the fundamental guarantee to improve the comprehensive agricultural production capacity and guarantee the national food security,and it is an effective way to optimize the utilization of land resources and realize “planting grain on the land”.Using the panel data of 13 major grain producing areas from 2005 to 2020,the SBM model of unexpected output was used to estimate the cultivated land ecological efficiency in major grain producing areas,and the spatial evolution trend and spatial correlation were revealed by exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA).The results indicate that:(1) From the perspective of time,the ecological efficiency of cultivated land in the main grain producing areas was on the rise in general,and had different degrees of decline in 2009 and 2017;(2) In terms of space,there is obvious spatial heterogeneity and evolution,and the DEA effective area gradually spreads from northeast China to North China,Southwest China and South China;(3) The main reasons for the decline of cultivated land ecological efficiency are excessive labor input and the use of pesticides,fertilizers and other pollutants.There were differences in the improvement paths of cultivated land eco-efficiency in DEA ineffective areas.The establishment of cooperation mechanisms among neighboring provinces,the formulation of cultivated land protection policies according to local conditions,the acceleration of labor transfer in major grain-producing areas,and the establishment of cultivated land carbon emission accounting departments are effective measures to improve the ecological efficiency of cultivated land utilization and achieve sustainable production.

关 键 词：粮食主产区 耕地利用生态效率 效率评价 SBM-Undesirable ESDA 

分 类 号：F301.21[经济管理—产业经济] F062.2