水稻类病斑突变体及其发生机制研究进展  

Research Advances in Rice Lesion Mimic Mutants and Their Occurrence Mechanisms

作　　者：廖海丽 刘剑镔 梁毅 肖贵[2] 梁金清 袁炜蓉 易兆峰 吴俊 LIAO Haili;LIU Jianbin;LIANG Yi;XIAO Gui;LIANG Jinqing;YUAN Weirong;YI Zhaofeng;WU Jun(Longping Branch,College of Biology,Hunan University,Changsha,Hunan 410125,China;State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice/Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center,Changsha,Hunan 410125,China;College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学生物学院隆平分院,湖南长沙410125 [2]杂交水稻全国重点实验室/湖南杂交水稻研究中心,湖南长沙410125 [3]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2024年第5期1-12,共12页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金区域创新发展联合基金项目(U20A2021)。

摘　　要：水稻是中国主要的粮食作物之一,生物和非生物胁迫给水稻生产带来巨大的隐患。鉴定和克隆水稻抗病抗逆基因,解析其分子遗传机制,对水稻抗性改良和新品种培育具有重要的理论价值和实践意义。类病斑突变体是一类没有病原菌等外界胁迫下叶片等组织上自发形成不同大小和颜色的坏死斑,具有类似于过敏反应和细胞死亡的材料。因此,类病斑突变体成为挖掘广谱抗病基因、阐释抗性和环境胁迫反应机制的理想材料。近年来,随着越来越多的水稻类病斑基因被定位和克隆,其参与抗性的功能机理也逐步清晰。对水稻类病斑的来源、命名、分类、基因定位与克隆以及其发生机制进行梳理,并对如何利用水稻类病斑突变体培育抗病和抗逆水稻品种进行讨论,为水稻广谱抗病和抗逆育种研究提供理论支持。Rice is one of the main food crops in China,and biotic and abiotic stresses bring huge hidden dangers to rice production.The identification and cloning of disease-resistant and stress-resistant genes in rice,and the analysis of their molecular genetic mechanisms,have important theoretical value and practical significance for the improvement of rice resistance and the breeding of new varieties.Lesion mimic mutants are a type of material that spontaneously forms necrotic spots of different sizes and colors on tissues such as leaves without external stresses such as pathogens with the characteristics similar to hypersensitive response and cell death.Therefore,lesion mimic mutants have become an ideal material for exploring broad-spectrum disease-resistant genes and explaining the mechanisms of resistance and environmental stress responses.In recent years,with the localization and cloning of more and more rice lesion mimic genes,the functional mechanism of their participation in resistance has also been gradually clarified.This article sorted out the origin,naming,classification,gene mapping and cloning of rice lesion mimics,and their occurrence mechanism,and discussed how to use rice lesion mimic mutants to develop disease-resistant and stress-resistant rice varieties,providing theoretical support for the study of broad-spectrum disease resistance and stress resistance breeding in rice.

关 键 词：水稻 类病斑 突变体 抗性 调控途径 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学] S-1