一种简易的水稻抽穗扬花期耐热性评定方法  

A Simple Method for Evaluating Heat Tolerance of Rice at Heading and Flowering Stage

作　　者：黄永萍[1] 吴旗 黄州 邹国兴[1] HUANG Yongping;WU Qi;HUANG Zhou;ZOU Guoxing(Rice Research Institute/National Engineering Research Center of Rice(Nanchang),Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330000,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省农业科学院水稻研究所/水稻国家工程研究中心(南昌),江西南昌330000

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2024年第5期34-39,共6页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：江西省重点研发计划(20181BBF60006)。

摘　　要：随着全球气候变化的加剧,极端高温对水稻这一关键粮食作物的生产构成重大威胁。尤其是在抽穗扬花期,高温胁迫会显著降低水稻的结实率,进而影响粮食总产量。鉴于此问题的严峻性,筛选和培育耐热水稻品种显得至关重要。本研究创新性地利用“温汤杀雄”方法模拟高温环境,通过统计自交结实率来评定水稻的耐热性。统计分析的结果表明,温汤杀雄处理与人工气候室高温处理的自交结实率存在显著的正相关关系。因此,温汤杀雄方法在评定水稻抽穗扬花期耐热性上具有有效性和可靠性。综上,本研究提供了一种快速、经济且有效的耐热性评定方法,对耐热水稻的筛选与育种具有重要的实际应用价值。With the intensification of global climate change,extreme high temperatures pose a major threat to the production of rice,a key food crop.Especially in the heading and flowering stage,high temperature stress will significantly reduce the seed setting rate of rice,thus affecting the total grain production.In view of the seriousness of this problem,it is very important to screen and cultivate heat-tolerant rice varieties.In this study,the"Hot Water Emasculation"method was innovatively used to simulate the high temperature environment,and the heat tolerance of rice was evaluated by analyzing the selfed seed-setting rate.The results of statistical analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the selfed seed-setting rate of the hot water emasculation treatment and that of the high temperature treatment in the artificial climate chamber.Therefore,the method of hot water emasculation treatment is effective and reliable in evaluating the heat tolerance of rice at heading and flowering stage.In summary,this study provides a rapid,economical and effective heat tolerance evaluation method,which has important practical application value for screening and breeding of heat-tolerant rice.

关 键 词：水稻 高温 抽穗扬花期 耐热性 温汤杀雄 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学] S311