高原两系杂交粳稻主要经济性状杂种优势和相关性分析  

Heterosis and Correlation Analysis of Main Economic Traits in High-altitude Two-line Japonica Hybrid Rice

作　　者：钏兴宽[1] 杨钏杰 李国生[1] 尹鹏熙 王锦艳[1] 康洪灿[1] 张义 段浩平 CHUAN Xingkuan;YANG Chuanjie;LI Guosheng;YIN Pengxi;WANG Jinyan;KANG Hongcan;ZHANG Yi;DUAN Haoping(Baoshan Agricultural Research Institute,Baoshan,Yunnan 678000,China;Baoshan Agricultural and Rural Investment Project Management Center,Baoshan,Yunnan 678000,China;Baoshan Agricultural Environmental Protection Monitoring Station,Baoshan,Yunnan 678000,China)

机构地区：[1]保山市农业科学研究所,云南保山678000 [2]保山市农业农村投资项目管理中心,云南保山678000 [3]保山市农业环境保护监测站,云南保山678000

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2024年第5期40-46,共7页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项计划(202302AE090001)。

摘　　要：以3个两系粳稻不育系、5个恢复系及其配组的15个组合为研究材料,以滇Ⅰ型三系杂交粳稻新组合滇禾优203为对照,分析高原两系杂交粳稻组合主要经济性状的杂种优势表现、杂交组合主要经济性状间相关性以及杂交组合主要经济性状与亲本的相关性。结果表明,高原两系杂交粳稻组合的产量和经济性状差异较大,与对照滇禾优203相比,高原两系杂交粳稻组合产量杂种优势有正有负,库容量全部表现为负值,有效穗数、结实率表现正向优势,每穗总粒数、每穗实粒数和千粒重表现为负向优势。高原两系杂交粳稻组合产量与有效穗数、库容量呈显著正相关;有效穗数与每穗总粒数、每穗实粒数呈极显著负相关,与千粒重呈显著负相关;组合的株高、穗长与父本及父母本的交互效应呈极显著正相关,在株高上无超亲现象;有效穗数与母本和父母本的交互效应呈极显著正相关;每穗总粒数与父本和父母本交互效应呈极显著正相关。初步确立了高原两系杂交粳稻以矮秆多穗不育系与高秆大穗恢复系配组为最佳方式,同时确立了多穗、中高秆、高结实、穗粒协调的高原两系杂交粳稻理想株型模式。In this study,three two-line japonica sterile lines,five restorer lines and their 15 hybrid combinations were used as the research materials,and Dianheyou 203,a new three-line japonica hybrid rice combination with Dian I type cytoplasm,was used as the control.The heterosis performance of the main economic traits of the two-line japonica hybrid rice combinations in the plateau,the correlation between main economic traits of hybrid combinations and the correlation of main economic traits between hybrid combinations and parents were analyzed.The results showed that the yield and economic traits of the high-altitude two-line japonica hybrid rice combinations were quite different.Compared with the control Dianheyou 203,the yield heterosis of the high-altitude two-line japonica hybrid rice combinations was positive or negative,the heterosis in sink capacity was all negative,the heterosis in the number of effective panicles and seed setting rate was positive,and the heterosis in the number of total spikelets per panicle,the number of filled grains per panicle and the 1000-grain weight was negative.The yield of the high-altitude two-line japonica hybrid rice combinations was significantly positively correlated with the number of effective panicles and sink capacity.The number of effective panicles was very significantly negatively correlated with the number of total spikelets per panicle and the number of filled grains per panicle,and significantly negatively correlated with 1000-grain weight.The plant height and panicle length of hybrid combinations were very significantly positively correlated with those of the male parent and the parental interaction effect,and there was no heterobeltiosis in plant height.The number of effective panicles was very significantly positively correlated with that of the female parent and the parental interaction effect.The number of total spikelets per panicle was very significantly positively correlated with that of the male parent and the parental interaction effect.It was preliminarily

关 键 词：高原两系杂交粳稻 经济性状 杂种优势 相关分析 

分 类 号：S334[农业科学—作物遗传育种] S338[农业科学—农艺学]