不同杀虫剂对四川乐山稻区稻水象甲的毒力及防治效果  

Toxicity and Control Effect of Different Insecticides on Rice Water Weevil in Leshan Rice Area,Sichuan Province

作　　者：杨春林 胡强[3] 李洪浩 席亚东[2] YANG Chunlin;HU Qiang;LI Honghao;XI Yadong(Leshan Plant Protection and Quarantine Station,Leshan,Sichuan 614000,China;The Institute of Plant Protection,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Variety Improvement of Sichuan Province,Chengdu,Sichuan 610066,China;Key Laboratory of Bamboo Diseases and Pests Control and Resources Development of Sichuan Province,Leshan Normal University,Leshan,Sichuan 614000,China;Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chengdu,Sichuan 610066,China)

机构地区：[1]乐山市植保植检站,四川乐山614000 [2]四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所/蔬菜品种改良与种质创新四川省重点实验室,四川成都610066 [3]乐山师范学院竹类病虫防控与资源开发四川省重点实验室,四川乐山614000 [4]四川省农业科学院,四川成都610066

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2024年第5期107-115,共9页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：四川省科技计划项目(2021YFYZ0021);四川省农业科学院科技成果中试熟化与示范转化项目(2023ZSSFXD02);国家现代农业产业体系四川创新团队项目(川农函[2019]472号);乐山市重点科技计划项目(14NZD141)。

摘　　要：以越冬代稻水象甲成虫为对象,测定17种杀虫剂对四川乐山稻区稻水象甲的室内毒力,通过田间药效试验评价供试杀虫剂对稻水象甲的防治效果,并比较研究了不同杀虫剂交替喷施对田间防效的影响,以期为稻水象甲防治药剂选择、延缓抗药性发展、提高防治效率提供参考。结果表明,3%阿维菌素ME、25%乙基多杀菌素WG、1.5%除虫菊素EW、0.3%苦参碱AS和50亿孢子/g球孢白僵菌SC等生物杀虫剂以及40%氯虫·噻虫嗪WG、200g/L氯虫苯甲酰胺SC、30%醚菊酯SC、35%敌畏·马EC和22%马拉·辛硫磷EC等化学杀虫剂对稻水象甲的毒力较高,LC_(50)均低于100 mg/L,稻水象甲对化学杀虫剂浓度的变化更为敏感;40%氯虫·噻虫嗪WG、200 g/L氯虫苯甲酰胺SC、30%醚菊酯SC和25%乙基多杀菌素WG对稻水象甲具有较好的速效性和持效性,药后7 d的防效为87.03%~92.29%,药后21 d的防效为70.93%~89.08%;不同杀虫剂对水稻产量构成因子具有不同程度的增长效应,供试杀虫剂处理的水稻茎蘖数、有效穗数和千粒重较清水对照分别增长0.18%~10.06%、1.31%~14.57%和3.21%~15.59%,水稻实际产量与杀虫剂田间防效显著相关;此外,25%乙基多杀菌素WG与40%氯虫·噻虫嗪WG、200 g/L氯虫苯甲酰胺SC、30%醚菊酯SC交替喷施对杀虫的速效性和持效性均有一定程度的提升作用。Leshan Plant Protection and Quarantine Station;The Institute of Plant Protection,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Variety Improvement of Sichuan Province;Key Laboratory of Bamboo Diseases and Pests Control and Resources Development of Sichuan Province,Leshan Normal University;Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences;Using the overwintering Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kusehel adults as the object,the indoor toxicity of 17insecticides on Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kusehel in rice fields of Leshan,Sichuan Province was measured.The control efficacy of the tested insecticides on Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kusehel was evaluated through field trials,and the effects of alternating application of different pesticides on field control efficacy were compared.The objective was to provide guidance for selecting control pesticides for Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kusehel,delaying pesticide resistance development and enhancing overall control efficiency.The results showed that biological insecticides such as 3%avermectin ME,25%spinetoram WG,1.5%pyrethrins EW,0.3%matrine AS,5 billion spores/g Beauveria bassiana SC,as well as chemical insecticides such as 40%chlorantraniliprole·thiamethoxam WG,200 g/L chlorantraniliprole SC,30%triazophos SC,35%dichlorvos·malathion EC and 22%malathion EC had higher toxicity to Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kusehel,with LC_(50)lower than 100 mg/L.The Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kusehel was more sensitive to changes in the concentration of chemical insecticides than that of biological insecticides.The insecticides of 40%chlorantraniliprole·thiamethoxam WG,200 g/L chlorantraniliprole SC,30%triazophos SC and 25%spinetoram WG had good rapid and sustained efficacy in controlling Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kusehel,with control efficacies ranging from 87.03%~92.29%after 7 days of treatment,and 70.93%~89.08%after 21 days of treatment.Different insecticides had varying degrees of effects on increasing the yield components of rice.The number of tillers,effect

关 键 词：稻水象甲 杀虫剂 毒力测定 田间防效 水稻产量 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学] S482