金佛山方竹无性系地下茎生长发育规律研究  

Growth Rugularity and Development Rhythm of Underground Clonal Chimonobambusa utilis Stems

作　　者：黄维 董文渊[2] 钟欢 吴义远 HUANG Wei;DONG Wenyuan;ZHONG Huan;WU Yiyuan(Forestry and Grassland Bureau of Weixin County,Weixin Yunnan 657900,P.R.China;Institute of Qiong Bamboo,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming Yunnan 650224,P.R.China;School of Forestry,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing Jiangsu 210037,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]威信县林业和草原局,云南威信657900 [2]西南林业大学筇竹研究院,云南昆明650224 [3]南京林业大学林学院,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《西部林业科学》2024年第5期146-151,共6页Journal of West China Forestry Science

基　　金：中央财政林业科技推广示范资金项目([2019]TG14号);云南省重点研发计划项目(202203AC10001);昭通市鲲鹏计划人才培养计划项目;云南省科技特派员项目。

摘　　要：通过对金佛山方竹鞭梢及侧芽生长发育动态研究,为其竹林定向培育、精准施策提供科学依据。以云南省威信县金佛山方竹人工林为研究对象,基于鞭梢及侧芽生长发育动态的定位观测数据,分析金佛山方竹鞭梢及侧芽生长发育规律。结果显示:(1)金佛山方竹地下茎随着年龄增加,颜色由浅变深、根数由多变少,鞭箨由紧到松,直至脱落。(2)竹鞭上的笋芽数以中壮龄的2~3 a鞭居多,1、4 a鞭笋芽较少,5 a及以上竹鞭已无活芽。(3)鞭梢的年生长量为105.33 cm,且具有一定生长发育规律。从12月至翌年2月是金佛山方竹的强迫休眠期,月平均生长量仅0.48 cm,占全年生长量的1.36%;3月、4月和11月是慢速生长期,月平均生长量为7.67 cm,占全年生长量的21.85%;5—10月是快速生长期,持续时间最长,月平均生长量13.48 cm,占全年生长量的76.79%。(4)侧芽分化发育成笋芽的生长动态具有明显规律性。从11月至翌年3月生长缓慢,是笋芽分化越冬期;4—7月,笋芽生长较快,是笋芽萌动生长期;8—9月,笋芽生长发育迅速,是笋芽膨大期。This article studies the growth and development dynamics of bamboo whip tips and lateral buds of Chimonobambusa utilis,providing scientific basis for targeted cultivation and precise policy implementation in bamboo forests.Taking the artificial C.utilis forest in Weixin County as the research object,based on the positioning observation data of the growth and development dynamics of bamboo whip tip and lateral buds,analyze the growth and development laws of C.utilis whip tip and lateral buds.The results show that:(1)As the age increases,the color of the underground stem bamboo whips of C.utilis changes from light to dark,the number of roots decreases,and the whiplash sheaths change from tight to loose until they fall off.(2)The number of shoot buds on bamboo whips is mostly strong in the 2-3 year old whips,with fewer shoot buds on the 1-4 year old whips,and no live buds on bamboo whips aged 5 and above.(3)The annual growth rate of bamboo whip tips is 105.33 cm,and it has a certain growth and development pattern.The period from December to February of the following year is a forced dormancy period,with an average monthly growth of only 0.48 cm,accounting for 1.36%of the annual growth;March,April,and November are slow growing periods,with an average monthly growth of 7.67 cm,accounting for 21.85%of the annual growth;May to October is the period of rapid growth,with the longest duration.The average monthly growth is 13.48 cm,accounting for 76.79%of the annual growth.(4)The growth dynamics of lateral bud differentiation and development into shoot buds have obvious regularity.From November to March of the following year,the growth is slow and it is the winter period for shoot differentiation;From April to July,the growth of shoot buds is faster,which is the period of shoot bud germination and growth;From August to September,the growth and development of shoot buds are rapid,which is the period of shoot bud enlargement.

关 键 词：金佛山方竹 无性系 地下茎 生长发育规律 

分 类 号：S795.9[农业科学—林木遗传育种]