管道离心式压缩机叶轮的流固耦合数值模拟及可靠性评估  

Fluid-solid Coupling Numerical Simulation and Reliability Study of Pipeline Centrifugal Compressor Impeller

作　　者：郑洪龙 魏然然 聂中华 杨潇 张磊[2] 张金亚[2] ZHENG Honglong;WEI Ranran;NIE Zhonghua;YANG Xiao;ZHANG Lei;ZHANG Jinya(PipeChina Research Institute of Science and Technology,Langfang 065000,China;College of Mechaical and Transportation Engineering,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102249,China)

机构地区：[1]国家管网集团科学技术研究总院分公司,河北廊坊065000 [2]中国石油大学(北京)机械与储运工程学院,北京102249

出　　处：《油气与新能源》2024年第5期57-67,74,共12页Petroleum and new energy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“井口段塞流引起的螺旋轴流式多相泵水力不稳定性与机械密封可靠性机理研究”(52372368);国家石油天然气管网集团有限公司科学技术研究总院分公司科研项目“压缩机组可靠性数值模拟研究”(GWHT20220017652)。

摘　　要：离心式压缩机是天然气长输管道的核心设备,其叶轮在长期承受交变载荷的情况下可能出现疲劳失效。针对管道压缩机的叶轮全流道进行几何建模,基于实际运行参数开展流场计算及固体应力场有限元分析,在叶轮静力分析基础上加载气动载荷实现流固耦合计算,以此获得运行状态下的叶轮应力分布。基于模拟结果并结合叶轮材料特性,首先建立了叶轮疲劳寿命计算模型,进一步采用极大似然估计法估计了三参数威布尔分布的参数(η=1.001 9,β=536.88,γ=-0.900 1),以考虑叶轮疲劳寿命的不确定性,最后利用蒙特卡洛方法计算得到叶轮疲劳寿命的概率分布以及可靠性曲线。结果表明,在额定运行工况下,压缩机叶轮的循环次数达1010次后,其可靠度仍维持在90%以上,处于无限疲劳寿命状态。利用不同应力幅值下的叶轮运行可靠性曲线,实现了管道压气站不同工况下离心压缩机叶轮的寿命预测。The centrifugal compressor is the key equipment of long distance natural gas pipelines and its impellers may have fatigue failure when suffer alternating load in the long term.Focusing on the geometric modeling of the full flow path of impellers in pipeline compressors,the paper conducts computational fluid dynamics calculations and finite element analysis of the solid stress field based on actual operating parameters by integrating aerodynamic loads onto the impeller through flow-structure coupling and obtains the stress distribution of the impeller under operating conditions ultimately.Utilizing simulation results and considering the material characteristics of the impeller,this study establishes a fatigue life calculation model,then estimates the parameters of the three-parameter Weibull distribution(η=1.0019,β=536.88,γ=-0.9001)using the maximum likelihood estimation method to account for the uncertainty in the impeller's fatigue life,and calculates the probability distribution and reliability curve of the impeller's fatigue life through Monte Carlo simulations finally.The results indicate that the reliability of the compressor impeller 10 remains above 90%after reaching 10 cycles under rated operating conditions,indicating an infinite fatigue life state.By utilizing the reliability curves of the impeller under different stress amplitudes,this paper achieves the life prediction of centrifugal compressor impellers under various operating conditions of pipeline compressor stations.

关 键 词：压缩机叶轮 有限元分析 疲劳寿命 可靠性评价 

分 类 号：TE832[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]