呵叻高原钾盐矿床空间分布特征与成因及其对钾盐异常富集的影响  

Spatial distribution characteristics and genesis of the potash deposit and its impact on the abnormal enrichment of potassium salts in the Khorat Plateau

作　　者：秦占杰[1,2] 李庆宽 山俊杰 俞永强 白宝云 王勇 才智杰 李强 孙亚超 张西营 王建萍[1,2] QIN Zhanjie;LI Qingkuan;SHAN Junjie;YU Yongqiang;BAI Baoyun;WANG Yong;CAI Zhijie;LI Qiang;SUN Yachao;ZHANG Xiying;WANG Jianping(Key Laboratory of Green and High-end Utilization of Salt Lake Resources,Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining,Qinghai 810008,China;Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Geology and Environment of Salt Lakes,Xining 810008,China;Qinghai Salt Lake Industry Co.,Ltd.,Golmud,Qinghai 816099,China;Laos Qinghai Engineering Technology Co.,Ltd.,Vientiane 01000,Laos;Qinghai Nuclear Industry Geological Survey,Xining,Qinghai 810016,China;No.3 Exploration Institute of Geology Resources of Qinghai Province,Xining,Qinghai 810029,China;International Petroleum Group Co.,Ltd.,Bangkok 10320,Thailand;8248 Geological Brigade of Shandong Nuclear Industry,Qingdao,Shandong 266041,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院青海盐湖研究所,盐湖资源绿色高值利用重点实验室,青海西宁810008 [2]青海省盐湖地质与环境重点实验室,青海西宁810008 [3]青海盐湖工业股份有限公司,青海格尔木816099 [4]老挝青海工程技术有限公司,老挝万象01000 [5]青海省核工业地质局,青海西宁810016 [6]青海省第三地质勘查院,青海西宁810029 [7]泰国国际石油集团有限公司,泰国曼谷10320 [8]山东省核工业二四八地质大队,山东青岛266041

出　　处：《地质学报》2024年第10期2883-2901,共19页Acta Geologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号42072097);中国科学院青年创新促进会人才项目(编号2021431);青海省“昆仑英才·高端创新创业人才”计划团队项目;青海省地质矿产勘查开发局地勘项目“钾盐探测方法技术及成矿机理研究”项目联合资助成果。

摘　　要：呵叻高原钾盐矿床是超大型固体钾盐矿床,其钾盐空间分布特征和钾盐异常富集规律至今仍不明晰,这是该钾盐矿床成矿系统的关键科学问题。本文基于该矿床447口钻孔岩芯资料,对三个沉积旋回的盐岩和碎屑层进行系统划分,对不同岩层的空间沉积厚度及埋深进行重建,主要得到以下认识:三个沉积旋回空间分布范围不同,且呈由东向西增厚趋势,钾镁盐主要集中于西部,且局部空间钾盐异常富集,其厚度明显大于下伏岩盐;盆地形态、晶间卤水迁移、区域构造挤压、重力差异载荷及盐岩自身浮力等相互作用可能是造成局部空间钾盐异常增厚的主要控制因素;钾盐局部异常富集,而非钾盐体积的绝对增加,是该矿床的显著特征之一。本研究对该矿床成矿规律的深入理解和后续勘探开发及资源评估具有重要指导意义。The Khorat Plateau potash deposit is a world-class giant deposit.The spatial distribution characteristics and the enrichment mechanisms of potassium salt are still unclear,which is a key scientific issue of the potassium salt mineralization system.Based on the 447 boreholes data in the deposit,the study systematically divided the salt and clastic layers of three sedimentary cycles and reconstructed the sediment thickness and burial depth of different rock layers.The main findings are as follows:the spatial distribution ranges of the three sedimentary cycles are different,showing a trend of increasing thickness from east to west.Potassium-magnesium salts are mainly concentrated in the western part of the plateau,with localized enrichment of potassium salts,and their thickness is significantly greater than that of the underlying rock salt.The coupling of basin morphology,intercrystalline brine migration,regional tectonic compression,gravity differential loading,and salt rock buoyancy maybe the main controlling factors leading to the local thickening of potassium salt anomalies.The local enrichment of potassium salt,rather than an absolute increase in the volume of potassium salt,is one of the significant features of the deposit.This study has important guiding significance for a deeper understanding of the mineralization mechanisms of the deposit,as well as for subsequent exploration and resource assessment.

关 键 词：钾盐矿床 空间分布 异常富集 呵叻高原 

分 类 号：P619.211[天文地球—矿床学]