雅鲁藏布江大拐弯地区滑坡发育分布特征及其对地貌演化的响应  

A study on the development and distribution characteristics of landslides in the region of the Grand Bend of the Yarlung Zangbo River and their response to geomorphic evolution

作　　者：杜国梁 邹玲 杨志华[4] 孙东彦 谷丽莹 DU Guoliang;ZOU Ling;YANG Zhihua;SUN Dongyan;GU Liying(School of Urban Geology and Engineering,Heibei GEO University,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050031,China;Key Laboratory of Intelligent Detection and Equipment for Underground Space of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050031,China;Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Intelligent Development and Control of Underground Built Environment,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050031,China;Institute of Geomechanics,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]河北地质大学城市地质与工程学院,河北石家庄050031 [2]京津冀城市群地下空间智能探测与装备重点实验室,河北石家庄050031 [3]河北省地下人工环境智慧开发与管控技术创新中心,河北石家庄050031 [4]中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《地质学报》2024年第10期3062-3076,共15页Acta Geologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号41941017、42277166、41807231)资助的成果。

摘　　要：雅鲁藏布江大拐弯地区位于青藏高原东南部,是世界上地壳隆升和地貌演化最快的区域之一。在内外动力耦合作用下,区内滑坡灾害极其发育,严重制约着公路、铁路和水电工程的规划建设。本文以滑坡对地貌演化的响应为切入点,剖析了地形地貌、河流侵蚀、构造活动与滑坡分布的关系。研究表明:滑坡在地貌演化中扮演着重要角色,区内局部地形起伏度和坡度与滑坡发生呈非线性正相关关系,沟谷地貌通过增加斜坡陡度和滑坡率来适应的区域地壳隆升和河流快速下切;分析不同地貌演化阶段的面积-高程积分,随着地表侵蚀程度的增高,滑坡的面积比、滑坡坡度的平均值和中位数值都逐渐增大,表明滑坡侵蚀在区内快速侵蚀中起着重要支撑作用;河流侵蚀对滑坡的控制作用明显,雅鲁藏布江大拐弯在纵坡降较陡、河流功率大的加拉-金珠藏布口滑坡密集分布;滑坡发育与断裂密度呈正相关关系,与断裂距离呈负相关关系,区内断裂剧烈活动诱发的地震滑坡也是造成地貌侵蚀的重要媒介。研究结果有利于加深对雅鲁藏布江大拐弯地区滑坡孕灾背景的认识,也可为研究区的工程规划建设和防灾减灾提供科学依据。The Grand Bend of the Yarlung Zangbo River region,located in the southeastern region of the Tibetan Plateau,is one of the fastest-uplifting and geomorphic evolution regions on earth.The combined forces of internal and external dynamics result in frequent landslides,posing significant challenges to the planning and construction of infrastructure projects such as highways,railways,and hydropower facilities.This article aims to delve into the impact of landslides on the evolution of landforms by examining the interconnectedness between topography,river erosion,tectonic activity,and landslide distribution.Our study reveals that landslides play an important role in the evolution of landforms in the area.We find that the local topographic relief and slope gradient exhibit a nonlinear positive correlation with the occurrence of landslides.As a response to regional crustal uplift and rapid river incision,the landforms in this region adapt by increasing slope steepness and the rate of landslide occurrence.Through a hypsometric integral analysis of different geomorphic evolution stages,we observe that as surface erosion intensity increases,the ratio of landslide area,as well as the average and median values of landslide slope gradient,also increase.This indicates the significant contribution of landslide erosion to rapid erosion processes.Furthermore,we note that river incision exerts noticeable control over landslides.Specifically,the Jiala-Jinzhuzangbo section of the Yarlung Zangbo River,characterized by steep longitudinal slopes and high river power,exhibits a high density of landslides.Additionally,we find a positive correlation between the development of landslides and fault density,while the distance to faults shows a negative correlation.Seismic landslides induced by intense fault activity also make a significant contribution to geomorphic erosion in the region.The findings of this study enhance our understanding of landslide development and provide significant insights for engineering planning and construction,as w

关 键 词：雅鲁藏布江大拐弯 滑坡 构造 地貌 分布规律 

分 类 号：P642.22[天文地球—工程地质学]