岩溶热储合理采灌井距的热突破约束——以菏泽地热田为例  

Constraint of thermal breakthrough on rational well spacing of karst thermal reservoir:A case study of Heze geothermal field

作　　者：刘琲琲 康凤新 刘肖 史启朋 郑婷婷[5,7] 秦鹏 高宗军 LIU Beibei;KANG Fengxin;LIU Xiao;SHI Qipeng;ZHENG Tingting;QIN Peng;GAO Zongjun(College of Earth Science and Engineering,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao,Shandong 266590,China;No.1 Geological Team of Shandong Provinclal Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources,Jinan,Shandong 250014,China;Shandong Province Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources,Jinan,Shandong 250013,China;Shandong Groundwater Environmental Protection and Restoration Engineering Technology Research Center,Jinan,Shandong 250014,China;Shandong Geothermal Clean Energy Exploration and Development Engineering Research Center,Jining,Shandong 272100,China;School of Water Conservancy and Environment,Jinan University,Jinan,Shandong 250022,China;Shandong Provincial Lunan Geology and Exploration Institute(Shandong Province Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources No.2 Geological Brigade),Jining,Shandong 272100,China;Shandong Province Territorial Spatial Ecological Restoration Center,Jinan,Shandong 250013,China)

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学地球科学与工程学院,山东青岛266590 [2]山东省第一地质矿产勘查院,山东济南250014 [3]山东省地质矿产勘查开发局,山东济南250013 [4]山东省地下水环境保护与修复工程技术研究中心,山东济南250014 [5]山东省地热清洁能源勘查开发工程研究中心,山东济宁272100 [6]济南大学水利与环境学院,山东济南250022 [7]山东省鲁南地质工程勘察院(山东省地质矿产勘查开发局第二地质大队),山东济宁272100 [8]山东省国土空间生态修复中心,山东济南250013

出　　处：《地质学报》2024年第10期3149-3168,共20页Acta Geologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号42072331,U1906209);泰山学者工程专项经费(编号tstp20230626)联合资助的成果。

摘　　要：与煤炭、石油、天然气等传统化石能源相比,地热能具有资源储量大、分布广、可再生、开采条件好等优点。菏泽潜凸起地热田是山东省主要大型碳酸盐岩岩溶热储地热田之一,地热资源储量丰富。为保证地热资源可持续开发利用,本文基于郓城县武安府前小区、文昌苑社区岩溶热储地热采灌井全井段地温场长期动态监测,阐述了地温场变化规律及演化趋势,建立水-热耦合采灌对井数值模型,计算回灌工程合理采灌井距、合理采灌量,防止开采井运行期内发生热突破。结果表明,随着回灌年限的延长,回灌井周围热储温度逐年降低,回灌冷水影响范围逐渐扩大。将开采井热储温度降低1℃视为热突破,利用数值模型模拟预测,回灌低温冷水影响范围随采灌工程运行逐渐扩展并到达开采井附近。随着采灌量的增加或采灌井间距的减小,开采井周边的低温范围逐渐增大,产生热突破的时间逐渐缩短。热突破时间t与回灌量Q呈幂函数减小、与采灌井间距R呈指数函数增长。采灌量50 m^(3)/h,采灌井距大于350 m可保证对井系统运行100年不发生热突破;采灌量70 m^(3)/h、90 m^(3)/h、120 m^(3)/h、150 m^(3)/h、180 m^(3)/h时,100年不发生热突破的合理采灌井距分别为400 m、425 m、475 m、500 m、550 m。该结论为采灌井合理布局、地热资源可持续循环开发提供科学依据。Geothermal energy presents a compelling alternative to traditional fossil fuels,offering substantial advantages in terms of resource abundance,widespread distribution,renewability,and favorable exploitation conditions.The Heze subuplift geothermal field,located in Shandong Province,exemplifies this potential,representing one of the regions major large-scale carbonate karst thermal storage geothermal fields.To ensure the sustainable development and utilization of these resources,this study focuses on the Heze subuplift field.Based on long-term dynamic monitoring of the geo-temperature field across the entire well section of geothermal production and reinjection wells in Wuan Fuqian and Wenchangyuan communities in Yuncheng County,this paper describes the change patterns and evolution trends of the geo-temperature field.A numerical model of coupled water-thermal production and reinjection is established to calculate the optimal well spacing and production/reinjection rates for the recharge project.This model aims to prevent thermal breakthrough during production well operation.Results show that as recharge years increase,the heat storage temperature around recharge wells decreases annually,and the influence range of injected cold water expands gradually.A 1℃reduction in the thermal reservoir temperature of the production well is considered a thermal breakthrough.The numerical model predicts that the low-temperature cold water recharge influence zone will gradually expand with the operation of the production and reinjection project,eventually reaching the vicinity of the production well.Furthermore,increasing production and reinjection rates or decreasing the spacing between production and reinjection wells leads to a gradual increase in the low-temperature zone around the production well and a shortened time to thermal breakthrough.This relation between thermal breakthrough time(t)and recharge quantity(Q)follows a power function,whereas the relationship between t and well spacing(R)is exponential.The study conclud

关 键 词：地热尾水回灌 岩溶热储 地温场 热突破 合理采灌井距 

分 类 号：P314[天文地球—固体地球物理学]