国际争端解决机制高度司法化的危机与中国应对  

The Crisis of the Over-Judicialization of International Dispute Settlement Mechanisms and China's Countermeasures

作　　者：杲沈洁 肖冰[1] Gao Shenjie;Xiao Bing

机构地区：[1]东南大学法学院

出　　处：《国际经济法学刊》2024年第3期32-46,共15页Journal of International Economic Law

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“中国对外经济制裁的国内法治与涉外法治互动机制建设研究”(项目编号:21BFX146)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：差异化国际争端解决机制实践表明,机制运行中管辖权扩张、能动裁判使其司法化过度强化,导致其争端解决功能与原始定位偏离或背离,引发正当性危机。国际争端解决机制在运行过程中自主性增强,逐渐向官僚机构转变,从而关注自身权威性的实现,是危机重要成因。于中国而言,应对危机,首先应在立足多边主义的司法化改革取向的基础上,结合国际体系结构和大国利益选择的现实需求,包容接纳其他方案可行之处。其次,化解国际争端解决机制失灵的现实危机,维系司法化动态平衡,保证国际法治不再进一步失序是当务之急。最后,以人类命运共同体下“尊重制度多元化”价值理念为导向,通过多元化手段引导机制改革方向,形成优化机制规范体制的长远中国方案。Differentiated international dispute settlement mechanisms have demonstrated that the regular practice of expanding jurisdiction and excessive adjudication strengthens the mechanism's judicialization function,resulting in a deviation from its original purpose and triggering a crisis of legitimacy.The crisis has arisen due to the international dispute settlement mechanism's increased autonomy and transformation into a bureaucracy,leading to a focus on fulflling its own authority.Firstly,regarding China's position on this matter,multilateral-based judicial reform is the fundamental approach to address the crisis.Based on this approach,China should consider the structure of the international system and the true needs of major powers when selecting their interests,adjusting to the feasibility of other programs,and enhancing flexibility and adaptability in selecting specific programs.Secondly,it is crucial to facilitate the attainment of organizational mobility,and uphold the dynamic equilibrium of judicial reforn to ensure that the international rule of law does not deteriorate further.Lastly,with"respect for institutional pluralism"as a core value in"a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind",it is recommended that the reform of the mechanism should adopt a multifaceted approach to pioneering and innovative reforms.This will enable the formation of a Chinese proposal for establishing the international dispute settlement mechanism.

关 键 词：国际争端解决机制 司法化 正当性危机 全球治理 

分 类 号：D820[政治法律—政治学] D997.3[政治法律—外交学] D994