原位钝化和叶面阻控技术对稻谷吸收富集土壤镉的影响  

Study on the Effects of in-situ Passivation and Foliar Blocking Techniques on the Absorption and Enrichment of Cadmium in Rice from the Soil

作　　者：陆一 LU Yi(Ashun Xixiu District Agricultural and Rural Bureau,Anshun Guizhou 561000,China)

机构地区：[1]安顺市西秀区农业农村局,贵州安顺561000

出　　处：《耕作与栽培》2024年第5期43-47,共5页Tillage and Cultivation

基　　金：西秀区耕地安全利用和严格管控暨耕地生产障碍修复利用项目。

摘　　要：为探索钝化剂和叶面阻控剂对阻隔稻谷吸收富集土壤镉的效果,2021年在西秀区4个乡镇镉污染水田水稻种植生产中采用原位钝化技术和叶面阻控技术,水稻成熟期间采集263对土壤-稻谷协同样品检测分析,结果表明,土壤镉污染风险低(Ⅰ类)和较高镉污染风险(Ⅲ类)的样点分别占7.22%、3.04%,可能存在土壤镉污染风险,但风险可控的样点占89.73%,对应的稻谷镉含量安全性评价结果为90.87%未超标、7.6%轻度超标、1.52%重度超标,土壤镉污染风险低的稻谷也有镉含量轻度超标的情况;采取原位钝化和叶面阻控措施后,大多数稻谷样本镉未超标,轻度或重度超标只占少数。采取原位钝化和叶面阻控措施能有效降低稻谷镉含量和镉富集系数,通过对比各项措施的效果和成本投入,结合西秀区的生产实际,建议Ⅱ类耕地稻田采取叶面阻控措施,可降低总体投入成本,获得比较广泛的治理效果,Ⅲ类耕地稻田采取原位钝化措施,确保治理效果,总体投入成本不高。In 2021,the repair and utilization project of cultivated land production obstacles in Xixiu District was implemented.263 pairs of soil-rice coordinated samples were collected for testing and analysis.The results showed that the sample points with low Cadmium pollution risk(classⅠ)and higher Cadmium pollution risk(classⅢ)in the soil accounted for 7.22%and 3.04%respectively,and there may be a risk of Cadmium pollution in the soil,but the risk controllable sample points accounted for 89.73%.The safety evaluation results of Cadmium content in the rice corresponding to it were 90.87%not exceeding the standard,7.6%slightly exceeding the standard,and 1.52%seriously exceeding the standard.There was also a case of mild Cadmium content exceeding the standard in rice with low Cadmium pollution risk in the soil.After adopting in-situ passivation and foliar blocking measures,most of the rice samples do not exceed the Cadmium standard,and only a few are slightly or severely exceeding the standard.The adoption of in-situ passivation and foliar blocking measures can effectively reduce the Cadmium content and Cadmium enrichment coefficient of rice.By comparing the effects and cost inputs of various measures,combined with the actual situation in Xixiu District,it is suggested that foliar blocking measures be taken in the paddy fields of classⅡcultivated land to reduce the overall input cost and obtain a relatively extensive governance effect.In the paddy fields of classⅢcultivated land,in-situ passivation measures should be adopted to ensure the governance effect,with a relatively small overall input cost.

关 键 词：原位钝化 叶面阻控 稻谷 镉 富集 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]