低磷胁迫对菘蓝幼苗叶片生理特性的影响  

Effects of Low Phosphorus Stress on Leaf Physiological Characteristics of Isatis Indigotica Seedlings

作　　者：高良丽 马洪娜 李慧 檀龙颜 GAO Liangli;MA Hongna;LI Hui;TAN Longyan(Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州中医药大学,贵阳550025

出　　处：《耕作与栽培》2024年第5期48-54,共7页Tillage and Cultivation

基　　金：贵州中医药大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(贵中医大创合字(2023)68号);省级大创项目(S202310662028)。

摘　　要：为研究低磷胁迫对菘蓝幼苗叶片的影响,本研究将菘蓝种子种于以蛭石为基质的小花盆中,用含不同浓度(0 mmol/L、0.05 mmol/L、0.5 mmol/L)KH_(2)PO_(4)的霍格兰营养液处理13 d,培养条件为温度25℃、光照强度80μmol/(m^(2)·s)、相对湿度为75%、光照时间为12 h光照/12 h黑暗,观察生理特性的变化。结果显示,KH_(2)PO_(4)浓度为0.5 mmol/L时,菘蓝幼苗生长状态最好,叶片长度可达4.5 cm;KH_(2)PO_(4)浓度低于0.5 mmol/L时,随着KH_(2)PO_(4)浓度的降低(0.05 mmol/L、0 mmol/L),菘蓝幼苗叶片的生理特性显著变化,与对照相比,呼吸速率、净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间二氧化碳浓度、总叶绿素含量和含水量分别下降了53.8%和30.8%、61.3%和38%、72.3%和33.1%、45.1%和27.2%、38.3%和13.3%、6.7%和3.7%;总可溶性糖含量、脯氨酸含量、电导率、丙二醛(MDA)含量、过氧化氢含量和超氧阴离子含量分别上升了41.6%和32.4%、54.9%和24.4%、58.7%和19.6%、151%和59.8%、94.1%和23.5%、78.9%和47.4%;超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)、单脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(MDHAR)、脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(DHAR)和谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性分别上升了17.2%和10.9%、57.8%和42.2%、59%和15.7%、32.5%和27%、24.6%和5.7%、36.1%和22.7%、45.5%和33.2%。表明低磷处理能抑制菘蓝幼苗叶片的光合作用,并对叶片造成渗透胁迫,菘蓝幼苗叶片可能通过合成渗透保护物质调节细胞渗透压,并通过抗氧化酶清除活性氧。In order to study the effects of low phosphorus stress on leaves of Isatis Indigotica seedlings,the seeds of I.indigotica were planted in small flower pot based on vermiculite.They were treated with Hoagland nutrient solution in different KH_(2)PO_(4)concentrations(0 mmol/L、0.05 mmol/L、0.5 mmol/L)for 13 days.Culture conditions were 25℃,light intensity was 80μmol/(m^(2)·s),relative humidity was 75%,light for 12 h/dark for 12 h.The changes in physiological properties were observed.The results showed that 0.5 mmol/L KH_(2)PO_(4)concentration was the most suitable for the growth of I.indigotica seedlings.When the KH_(2)PO_(4)concentration was lower than 0.5 mmol/L,with the decrease of KH_(2)PO_(4)concentration(0.05 mmol/L,0 mmol/L),the physiological characteristics of the leaves of I.indigotica seedlings changed significantly.Compared with the control,respiration rate,net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,intercellular carbon dioxide concentration,total chlorophyll content and water content were decreased by 53.8%and 30.8%,61.3%and 38%,72.3%and 33.1%,45.1%and 27.2%,38.3%and 13.3%,6.7%and 3.7%,respectively.Total soluble sugar content,proline content,electrical conductivity,malondialdehyde(MDA)content,hydrogen peroxide content and superoxide anion content were increased by 41.6%and 32.4%,54.9%and 24.4%,58.7%and 19.6%,151%and 59.8%,94.1%and 23.5%,78.9%and 47.4%,respectively.The activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD),catalase(CAT),ascorbate peroxidase(APX),monodehydroascorbate reductase(MDHAR),dehydroascorbate reductase(DHAR)and glutathione reductase(GR)were increased by 17.2%and 10.9%,57.8%and 42.2%,59%and 15.7%,32.5%and 27%,24.6%and 5.7%,36.1%and 22.7%,45.5%and 33.2%,respectively.Low phosphorus treatment could inhibit photosynthesis and induce osmotic stress on leaves of I.indigotica seedlings.The leaves of I.indigotica seedlings may regulate osmotic pressure by synthesizing osmoprotective substances and clear reactive oxygen species by antioxidant enzymes.

关 键 词：菘蓝 幼苗叶片 低磷胁迫 生理特性 响应 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学]