110份玉米新材料萌发期耐低温性鉴定与评价  

Identification and Evaluation of Low Temperature Tolerance of 110 New Maize Materials at Germination Stage

作　　者：于滔[1,2,3] 张建国 曹靖生[1,2,3] 马雪娜 何长安[2,4] 曹士亮 李树军 蔡泉 李昕[1,2,3] 李思楠[1,2,3] 杨耿斌 李文跃[1] Yu Tao;Zhang Jianguo;Cao Jingsheng;Ma Xuena;He Chang’an;Cao Shiliang;Li Shujun;Cai Quan;Li Xin;Li Sinan;Yang Gengbin;Li Wenyue(Maize Research Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150086,Heilongjiang,China;Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Maize in Northern Northeast Region,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Harbin 150086,Heilongjiang,China;Key Laboratory of Germplasm Resources Creation and Utilization of Maize,Harbin 150086,Heilongjiang,China;Keshan Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qiqihar 161000,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院玉米研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150086 [2]农业农村部东北北部玉米生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150086 [3]黑龙江省玉米种质资源创制与利用重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150086 [4]黑龙江省农业科学院克山分院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161000

出　　处：《作物杂志》2024年第5期18-28,共11页Crops

基　　金：黑龙江省农业科学院创新工程资助项目(CX23ZD05,CX23JQ04);黑龙江省自然科学基金(LH2022C096);国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1201001);科技创新2030-重大项目(2023ZD0402804-2)。

摘　　要：以110份玉米新材料为试验材料,采用田间与室内鉴定相结合的模式,统计萌发期低温胁迫处理下玉米发芽率、发芽指数、发芽势、平均发芽时间、出苗率、出苗指数及其性状相对值等12个耐低温相关指标,通过方差分析、相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析方法对玉米新材料进行耐低温性综合评价。结果表明,110份玉米新材料低温萌发能力存在丰富的遗传变异,其中,相对发芽率、相对发芽指数和相对出苗指数可作为玉米萌发期耐低温性鉴定的重要参考指标;相关性分析表明,6个相对性状间呈极显著正相关;主成分分析将6个相对性状指标划分为2个独立的综合指标,累计贡献率达到94.20%;聚类分析将110份玉米新材料划分为6个耐低温等级,其中,耐低温性极强、强、中强、弱、中弱和极弱的分别有27、22、22、21、16和2份。In this study,12 low-temperature tolerance-related indexes,including the germination rate,germination index,germination potential,average germination time,seedling emergence rate,seedling emergence index and relative value of traits,were measured using 110 new maize materials as experimental materials adopting a combination model of field and indoor identification.Through ANOVA analysis,correlation analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis methods,we comprehensively evaluated the low-temperature tolerance of the new maize materials.The results showed that 110 new maize materials had abundant genetic variation in low-temperature germination ability,relative germination rate,relative germination index,and relative seedling emergence index could be used as important reference indicators for the identification of low-temperature tolerance during maize germination.Correlation analysis showed that the six relative traits were positively correlated with each other.The results showed that six single indicators were synthesized into two independent comprehensive indicators with a cumulative contribution rate of 94.20%by principal component analysis.At last,combined with cluster analysis,110 new maize materials were divided into six low-temperature tolerance grades,among which 27 had extremely strong low-temperature tolerance,22 had strong low-temperature tolerance,22 had moderately strong low-temperature tolerance,21 had weak low-temperature tolerance,16 had moderately weak low-temperature tolerance,and two had extremely weak low-temperature tolerance.

关 键 词：玉米 耐低温 萌发期 主成分分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]