氮肥减施对超级稻玮两优8612产量及品质的影响  

The Effects of Reducing Nitrogen Fertilizer Application on the Yield and Quality of Super Rice Weiliangyou 8612

作　　者：何嘉辉 李艳锋 严天泽 张选文 秦鹏 郭进有 王凯 刘雄伦[1] 杨远柱[1,2] He Jiahui;Li Yanfeng;Yan Tianze;Zhang Xuanwen;Qin Peng;Guo Jinyou;Wang Kai;Liu Xionglun;Yang Yuanzhu(College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,Hunan,China;Yuan Longping High-Tech Agriculture Co.,Ltd./National Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice/Key Laboratory of Southern Rice Innovation&Improvement,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Hunan Engineering Laboratory of Disease and Pest Resistant Rice Breeding,Changsha 410128,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]袁隆平农业高科技股份有限公司/杂交水稻全国重点实验室/农业农村部南方水稻品种创制重点实验室/抗病虫水稻育种湖南省工程实验室,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《作物杂志》2024年第5期73-79,共7页Crops

基　　金：湖南省科技创新计划项目(2023NK1010);深圳市科技计划项目(KJZD20230923114116031)。

摘　　要：为探究氮肥减施对玮两优8612产量和稻米品质的影响,确定生产中氮肥减施的可行性,设置了0(N0)、50(N50)、100(N100)、150(N150,一般氮肥施用量)和200 kg/hm^(2)(N200)5个氮肥施用水平,连续开展3年大田试验,测试其产量、产量相关性状及稻米品质。结果表明,与N150相比,适当增施(N200)和减施(N100)氮肥,玮两优8612的产量无显著增产或减产,对稻米加工、外观以及蒸煮品质也没有显著影响;N100处理下稻米蛋白质含量降低,有助于食味品质提升。综上,土壤肥力中等偏上的条件下,在氮肥减施(N100)处理下超级稻玮两优8612无显著减产;同时加工和外观品质指标对施氮量不敏感,氮肥减施下蛋白质含量下降,可以改善其食味品质。To investigate the impact of reducing nitrogen fertilizer application on the yield and rice quality of Weiliangyou 8612,and to determine the feasibility of reducing nitrogen fertilizer application in production,five levels of nitrogen fertilizer application were set at 0(N0),50(N50),100(N100),150(N150,general nitrogen fertilizer application amount),and 200 kg/ha(N200),a three-year field experiment was conducted to test its yield,yield-related traits,and rice quality.The results showed that compared with N150,appropriate increases(N200)and reductions(N100)in nitrogen fertilizer application did not significantly increase or decrease the yield of Weiliangyou 8612,nor did it have a significant impact on rice processing,appearance,and cooking quality.However,reducing nitrogen fertilizer application reduced the protein content of rice,which was helpful for improving the taste quality.In conclusion,under the condition of medium to above soil fertility,super rice Weiliangyou 8612 had no significant yield reduction under the treatment of nitrogen reduction(N100).Furthermore,processing and appearance quality indicators were not sensitive to nitrogen application rate,and a reduction in nitrogen fertilizer application leaded to a decrease in protein content,which could improve its taste quality.

关 键 词：超级稻 玮两优8612 施氮量 产量 稻米品质 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]