核壳式球形铁基磁性磨料的制备及其抛光性能  

Preparation of core-shell spherical iron-based magnetic abrasives and their polishing performance

作　　者：战胜杰 孟建兵[1] 董小娟[1] 唐友泉 赵而团[1] 郑泽旭 张桂冠 ZHAN Shengjie;MENG Jianbing;DONG Xiaojuan;TANG Youquan;ZHAO Ertuan;ZHENG Zexu;ZHANG Guiguan(School of Mechanical Engineering,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255049,China)

机构地区：[1]山东理工大学机械工程学院,山东淄博255049

出　　处：《电镀与涂饰》2024年第10期78-85,共8页Electroplating & Finishing

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金(ZR2023QE035,ZR2021ME159)。

摘　　要：[目的]混合式和镶嵌式磁性磨料的尺寸效应,以及磨粒出刃高度不一致所引起的抛光硬冲击问题亟待解决。[方法]将不规则铝粉与球形羰基铁粉均匀混合,通过加热扩散在接触界面生成金属间化合物并均匀分布在球形羰基铁粉表面,从而形成铁/铝核壳式球形磁性磨料,随后用它对氟化钙基片进行抛光。[结果]通过单因素试验优选出制备该核壳式铁基磁性磨料的最佳工艺参数为:反应时间4 h,反应温度770℃,Al含量质量分数12%。X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)观察、能谱(EDS)分析和磁化强度测试表明所得磁性磨料以羰基铁粉为内核,Fe Al、Fe_(3)Al、Fe_(0.4)Al_(0.6)等金属间化合物为壳,粒度符合正态分布,磨料相外壳分布均匀且出刃高度较为一致。氟化钙晶体经铁/铝核壳式磁性磨料抛光后表面变得光滑、平坦,粗糙度均方根值由初始的1.102μm下降到33 nm。[结论]所制备的核壳式球形铁基磁性磨料可用于软脆材料的磁力抛光。[Introduction]Aiming at the size effect of hybrid and inlaid magnetic abrasives and the problem of hard impact caused by the inconsistent height of abrasive particles out of the edge during polishing.[Method]Irregular aluminum powder and spherical carbonyl iron powder were uniformly mixed,and some intermetallic compounds which were generated at the contact interface through heating and diffusion were distributed uniformly on the surface of the spherical carbonyl iron powder,so as to form the iron-aluminum core-shell spherical magnetic abrasives.[Result]The parameters for preparing the core-shell iron-based magnetic abrasives were optimized by single-factor experiment:reaction time 4 hours,reaction temperature 770℃,and Al content 12%by mass.The results of X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy-dispersive spectroscopy(EDS),and magnetization measurement showed that the prepared magnetic abrasive material consists of a carbonyl iron powder core with metal compounds such as FeAl,Fe_(3)Al,and Fe_(0.4)Al_(0.6) as the shell.The grain size of the abrasives conforms to normal distribution.The abrasive phases were uniformly distributed and their height out of the edge was consistent.The root mean square roughness of calcium fluoride crystal surface after being polished with the iron/aluminum core-shell magnetic abrasives can be reduced from 1.102μm initially to 33 nm finally.[Conclusion]The core-shell magnetic abrasives can be used for magnetic polishing of some soft and brittle materials.

关 键 词：磁性磨料 核壳式结构 羰基铁粉 铝 原位合金化 氟化钙晶体 抛光 

分 类 号：TG580.68[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]