云南黑籽南瓜种子形态特征及其与环境因子的相关性分析  

The Seed Morphological Characteristics of Cucurbita ficifolia in Yunnan and the Analysis on Its Correlation with Environmental Factors

作　　者：陈丽 李耕耘 张竞 符强 蒲鹏 吴航 贺水莲 CHEN Li;LI Gengyun;ZHANG Jing;FU Qiang;PU Peng;WU Hang;HE Shuilian(Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology,College of Landscape and Horticulture,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Yunnan Yunhua Joint Development Co.,Ltd.,Yaoan Yunnan 675300,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学园林园艺学院蔬菜生物学重点实验室,昆明650201 [2]云南云花联合发展股份有限公司,云南姚安675300

出　　处：《种子》2024年第10期13-19,共7页Seed

基　　金：国家自然科学地区基金“基于RAD-seq的云南黑籽南瓜居群遗传结构及起源扩散演化研究”(32060083);云南省科技厅农业联合专项重点项目“基于重测序-GWAS技术挖掘黑籽南瓜枯萎病抗病候选基因”(202301BD070001-027);云南省兴滇英才计划支持项目(XDYC-QNRC-2022-0233);重大科技专项计划“云南瓜类等4种主要蔬菜新品种选育”(202402AE090012)。

摘　　要：以产自云南省32个采集地的黑籽南瓜种子为研究材料,通过测定种子长度、宽度、厚度、种子形状指数、千粒重、种皮颜色、光泽度等7个种子表型指标,以及种子的可溶性糖含量、淀粉含量和蛋白质含量等3个生理指标,分析不同种源间种子的形态变异,并结合种源地地理位置、气象因子等探究气候因子对种子形态的影响。结果表明,不同种源间的黑籽南瓜种子形态特征存在显著差异或极显著差异。种子形态特征存在一定的变异,其中千粒重和种子厚度变异最大,种子长度、宽度和种子形状指数则趋于稳定。千粒重与种子长度、种子宽度、种子厚度呈极显著正相关,种源地海拔与种子长度、宽度、千粒重,年降水量与种子厚度均呈极显著正相关,种源地经度与种子长度、宽度呈极显著负相关。综合种子形态特征和地理气候因子可知,在一定范围内地理气候因子影响黑籽南瓜的种子形态,以产自保山市隆阳区、临沧市凤庆县、昆明市东川区、普洱市镇沅县、昆明市禄劝县的种子质量较优。Using Cucurbita ficifolia seeds from 32 harvesting areas in Yunnan Province as the research material,7 seed phenotype traits including seed length,width,thickness,seed shape index,1000-grain weight,seed coat color and gloss,and 3 physiological traits including soluble sugar content,starch content and protein content in seeds were determined.The morphological variation of seeds among different provenances was analyzed.The influence of climate factors on seed morphology was studied by combining geographical location of provenance and meteorological factors.The results showed that there were significant or extremely significant differences in seed morphological characteristics among different provenances.There was some variation in seed morphological characteristics,among which 1000-grain weight and seed thickness had the largest variation,while seed length,width and seed shape index tended to be stable.The 1000-grain weight was positively correlated with seed length,seed width and seed thickness,the seed altitude was positively correlated with seed length,seed width and 1000-grain weight,and the annual precipitation was positively correlated with seed thickness,and the seed longitude was negatively correlated with seed length and seed width.According to the morphological characteristics of seeds and the geographical and climatic factors,the geographical and climatic factors affect the seed morphology of pumpkin with black seed in a certain range,and the seeds from Longyang of Baoshan,Fengqing of Lincang,Dongchuan of Kunming,Zhenyuan of Puer and Luquan of Kunming were of better quality.

关 键 词：黑籽南瓜 种子 种源 形态特征 变异 

分 类 号：S642.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]