元宝枫嫩枝扦插技术及生根过程的生理生化分析  

Softwood cutting technology for Acer truncatum and physiological and biochemical analysis during rooting process

作　　者：王玉虓 张斌 马秋月 付威 康真 朱长红 李淑娴[1] WANG Yuxiao;ZHANG Bin;MA Qiuyue;FU Wei;KANG Zhen;ZHU Changhong;LI Shuxian(Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China,College of Forestry and Grassland,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China;The Third Geological and Mineral Exploration Institute of Gansu Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources,Lanzhou 730050,China;Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China;Forestry Science and Technology Spreading Station in Xiangyang,Xiangyang 441022,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学林草学院,南方现代林业协同创新中心,江苏南京210037 [2]甘肃省地质矿产勘查开发局第三地质矿产勘查院,甘肃兰州730050 [3]江苏省农业科学院,江苏南京210014 [4]襄阳市林业科学技术推广站,湖北襄阳441022

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第5期123-130,共8页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32001357,32471929);江苏省青年基金(面上项目)(BK20211139);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同处理对元宝枫嫩枝扦插生根的影响,筛选出适合元宝枫嫩枝扦插的最佳处理,分析营养物质含量、酶活性变化与插穗生根的关系,初步探究元宝枫的生根机理。【方法】以幼化和3年生的元宝枫母树为材料,分析生长调节剂(IBA、NAA、生根液)浓度、采穗部位(上部、下部)、幼化处理和扦插时间(6月和9月)等因素对元宝枫扦插生根的影响,调查生根率、愈伤率、根数、根长等生根指标,测定生根过程中营养物质(可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白)含量、氧化酶[过氧化物酶(POD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)、吲哚乙酸氧化酶(IAAO)]活性的变化。【结果】IBA和NAA处理的最适质量浓度分别为500和800 mg/L,生根率分别为59.3%和52.7%;生根液处理的最适浓度为体积分数1.43%(稀释70倍),生根率为43.9%,三者之间差异显著,经生长调节剂处理后插穗各生根指标均优于对照。此外,6月扦插的生根效果优于9月,幼化处理插穗生根效果优于3年生母树,上部插穗扦插生根效果优于下部插穗,且上述处理均达到显著差异水平。插穗生根过程中,处理组可溶性糖含量的变化呈现先下降后上升的变化趋势,可溶性蛋白含量、POD及PPO活性整体呈先上升后下降的变化趋势;而IAAO活性呈下降—上升—下降的变化趋势。对照变化趋势与处理组大致相同,但处理组峰值出现时间均比对照提前了5~10 d。【结论】元宝枫不定根发生属于混合生根类型。幼化母树的上部插穗使用IBA 500 mg/L处理各生根指标均达到最优,生根率为81.3%。生长调节剂处理可以提高营养物质代谢速度和相关酶合成进程,对插穗生根有促进作用。【Objective】In order to investigate the effects of different treatments on the rooting of softwood cuttings of Acer truncatum and find the best treatment method.We analyzed the relationship between changes in nutrient content,oxidase activity,and rooting of cuttings,and preliminarily explored the rooting mechanism of A.truncatum.【Method】Using rejuvenated A.truncatum trees and three-year-old A.truncatum mother trees as study materials,we conducted an analysis of the effects of growth regulators[indole-3-butyric acid(IBA)and 1-naphthaleneacetic acid(NAA)and a rooting solution],cutting positions(upper and lower parts),rejuvenation,and cutting time(June and September)on the rooting of A.truncatum.Furthermore,we examined the rate of root growth,callus formation,number of roots,root length,and other indicators of root development.Additionally,changes in nutrient contents(soluble sugar and soluble protein)and changes in oxidase activity[peroxidase(POD),polyphenol oxidase(PPO),and indole-3-acetic acid oxidase(IAAO)]were measured during the rooting process.【Result】The optimum IBA and NAA concentrations were 500 and 800 mg/L respectively,and the rooting rates were 59.3%and 52.7%,respectively.The optimal concentration for the rooting solution was a 1.43%volume fraction(70-fold)dilution,which achieved a rooting rate of 43.9%.Significant differences were observed among the three treatments,with all rooting indexes of cuttings treated with growth regulators performed better than those of the control.Additionally,the rooting effect of cuttings in June was better than that in September;the rooting effect of rejuvenated mother trees was better than that of 3-year-old trees;and the rooting effect of upper cuttings was better than that of lower cuttings.There were substantial differences observed following these treatments.During the rooting of the cuttings,the changes in the soluble sugar content following the treatment displayed a decreasing trend followed by an increasing trend.The soluble protein content,POD activity

关 键 词：元宝枫 生长调节剂 嫩枝扦插 营养物质 氧化酶 

分 类 号：S792.35[农业科学—林木遗传育种]