‘兰引Ⅲ号’结缕草对水肥耦合的响应机制研究  

Study on the Response Mechanism of‘Lanyin No.III’Zoysiagrass to Irrigation and Fertilizer Coupling

作　　者：许鸿达 何维海 钟秀娟 陆耀东 陈勇[3] 张巨明 刘天增 XU Hong-da;HE Wei-hai;ZHONG Xiu-juan;LU Yao-dong;CHEN Yong;ZHANG Ju-ming;LIU Tian-zeng(College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,Guangdong Province 510642,China;Guangdong Biran Beauty Landscape Co,Ltd.Foshan,Guangdong Province 528200,China;College of Agriculture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,Guangdong Province 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院,广东广州510642 [2]广东碧然美景观有限公司,广东佛山528200 [3]华南农业大学农学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《草地学报》2024年第10期3252-3261,共10页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：广东省企业科技特派员专项(GDKTP2021049200)资助。

摘　　要：在草坪养护管理过程中,会消耗大量的水分和肥料,为节约水肥资源,制定草坪最佳水肥用量至关重要。为了探究‘兰引Ⅲ号’结缕草(Zoysia japonica‘Lanyin No.Ⅲ’)的最佳水肥组合,本研究通过盆栽试验,设计了4个灌水梯度(W1:40%蒸发量、W2:60%蒸发量、W3:80%蒸发量、W4:100%蒸发量)和3个施肥梯度(F1:1.5 g·m^(-2) N+0.375 g·m^(-2) P+0.75 g·m^(-2) K,F2:3 g·m^(-2) N+0.75 g·m^(-2) P+1.5 g·m^(-2) K,F3:4.5 g·m^(-2) N+1.125 g·m^(-2) P+2.25 g·m^(-2) K)。结果表明:不同水肥耦合方式对‘兰引Ⅲ号’结缕草坪用质量、生理特性、生物量均会产生不同的影响,增加灌水和施肥可以提高草坪的外观质量和叶绿素含量、促进草坪垂直生长。增加灌水量和减少施肥量可以提高叶片水势,可溶性糖含量、脯氨酸含量、酸性磷酸酶活性与灌水量呈负相关、与施肥量呈正相关。水肥梯度为W3F3时,草坪水肥利用效率最大。通过回归分析并综合考虑草坪质量、水分和肥料利用效率等因素,‘兰引Ⅲ号’结缕草适宜的灌水量为蒸发量的80%,施肥量为4.5 g·m^(-2) N+1.125 g·m^(-2) P+2.25 g·m^(-2) K,即最佳水肥组合为W3F3处理。In the process of turfgrass maintenance and management,a large amount of irrigation and fertilizer is often consumed.In order to save irrigation and fertilizer resources as much as possible,it is very important to clarify the appropriate irrigation and fertilization amount.In order to explore the best combination of irrigation and fertilizer for Zoysia japonica‘Lanyin No.Ⅲ’,a pot experiment was conducted.Four irrigation gradients(W1:40%evapotranspiration、W2:60%evaporation、W3:80%evaporation、W4:100%evaporation)and three fertilization gradients(F1:1.5 g·m^(-2) N+0.375 g·m^(-2) P+0.75 g·m^(-2) K,F2:3 g·m^(-2) N+0.75 g·m^(-2) P+1.5 g·m^(-2) K,F3:4.5 g·m^(-2) N+1.125 g·m^(-2) P+2.25 g·m^(-2) K)were designed.The results showed that different water and fertilizer coupling methods had different effects on the turf quality,physiological characteristics and biomass of Zoysia japonica‘Lanyin No.Ⅲ’.Increasing irrigation and fertilization could improve the appearance quality and chlorophyll content of turfgrass,and promoted the vertical growth of turfgrass.Increasing the amount of irrigation and decreasing the amount of fertilizer could improve the water potential of leaves.Soluble sugar content,proline content and acid phosphatase activity were negatively correlated with the amount of irrigation and positively correlated with the amount of fertilizer.When the gradient of water and fertilizer was W3F3,the water and fertilizer utilization efficiency of turfgrass was the highest.Through regression analysis and comprehensive consideration of turf quality,water and fertilizer use efficiency and other factors,the best water and fertilizer combination was W3F3 treatment,80%of evaporationand the fertilization amount was 4.5 g·m^(-2) N+1.125 g·m^(-2) P+2.25 g·m^(-2) K.

关 键 词：结缕草 水肥耦合 草坪质量 寻优模型 

分 类 号：S688.4[农业科学—观赏园艺]