麋鹿野放对盐城滨海湿地土壤脱氮过程的影响  

Effects of Père David's Deer(Elaphurus davidianus) Reintroduction on Nitrogen Removal Processes in Coastal Wetland Soils in Yancheng

作　　者：李妞 李俊臻 吴锦龙 高靓文 江鹏程 熊静 苑海静 吴明[1] 曹恺 LI Niu;LI Jun-zhen;WU Jin-long;GAO Jing-wen;JIANG Peng-cheng;XIONG Jing;YUAN Hai-jing;WU Ming;CAO Kai(Wetland Ecosystem Research Station of Hangzhou Bay,Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Hangzhou 311400,Zhejiang,China;Ecological and Environmental Science and Research Institute of Zhejiang Province,Hangzhou 310012,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江杭州湾湿地生态系统定位观测研究站,中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,浙江杭州311400 [2]浙江省生态环境科学设计研究院,浙江杭州310012

出　　处：《湿地科学与管理》2024年第5期41-45,51,共6页Wetland Science & Management

基　　金：浙江省-中国林科院林业科技合作项目(2023SY11);浙江省基础公益项目(LQ23C030003);国家自然科学基金项目(31870597)。

摘　　要：探究麋鹿(Elaphurus davidianus)放牧对滨海湿地土壤反硝化和厌氧氨氧化速率及其影响因子的影响,旨在阐明麋鹿野放调控滨海湿地氮素去除的作用机制。在江苏盐城麋鹿国家级自然保护区麋鹿活动区和不受麋鹿活动影响的对照区,采集表层土壤样品,测定土壤理化性质、反硝化速率和厌氧氨氧化速率并进行统计分析。结果表明:与对照区相比,麋鹿放牧区土壤有机碳、氨态氮(NH_(4)^(+))、硝态氮(NO_(3)^(-))、土壤容重和盐度显著提高,土壤pH值、土壤温度以及全氮(TN)含量显著降低。放牧区土壤反硝化速率显著高于对照区,是对照区的21.56倍;而厌氧氨氧化速率显著低于对照区。相关性分析表明,反硝化速率与有机碳(SOC)、全碳(TC)、NH_(4)^(+)以及土壤容重呈显著正相关,与温度和全氮呈显著负相关;而厌氧氨氧化速率主要受盐度的显著影响。麋鹿放牧通过改变滨海湿地土壤养分含量和环境条件,显著促进了反硝化过程而抑制了厌氧氨氧化过程,这为理解麋鹿种群恢复过程中滨海湿地氮循环过程的响应机制,以及麋鹿放归工程的科学管理提供了重要依据。The Père David's deer (Elaphurus davidianus),a species endemic to China,has seen a gradual recovery in population size in recent years.However,the impact of their reintroduction on nitrogen transformation processes in the coastal wetland soils in Yancheng,Jiangsu province,remains unclear.This study aims to investigate the effects of Père David's deer grazing on denitrification and anaerobic ammonium oxidation rates (anammox),as well as their influencing factors in coastal wetland soils,to elucidate the regulatory mechanism of Père David's deer reintroduction on nitrogen removal in these ecosystems.Topsoil samples were collected from the area affected by the Père David's deer activity and a control area unaffected by the deer in the national nature reserve of Père David's Deer in Yancheng.Soil physicochemical properties,denitrification rates,and anammox rates were measured and statistically analyzed.The results showed that,compared to the control area,the Père David's deer grazing area had significantly higher soil organic carbon,ammonium nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen,bulk density,and salinity,while soil p H,temperature,and total nitrogen content were significantly lower.The soil denitrification rate in the grazing area was significantly higher,21.56 times of the control area,while the anammox rate was significantly lower.Correlation analysis revealed that the denitrification rate was significantly positively correlated with organic carbon,total carbon,ammonium nitrogen,and bulk density,and significantly negatively correlated with temperature and total nitrogen.In contrast,the anammox rate was mainly influenced by salinity.Père David's deer grazing significantly promoted the denitrification process while inhibiting the anammox process by altering the nutrient content and environmental conditions of the coastal wetland soils.These findings provide important insights into understanding the response mechanisms of nitrogen cycling processes in coastal wetlands during the recovery of Père David's deer populations a

关 键 词：麋鹿 滨海湿地 反硝化 厌氧氨氧化 氮循环 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]