养老机构伴自杀意念失能老人心理弹性及相关因素研究  

Study on mental resilience and related factors of disabled elderly with suicidal ideation in nursing homes

作　　者：刘莹[1] 周裕婧[1] 张懿[2] 田红梅[1] 杨静 LIU Ying;ZHOU Yujing;ZHANG Yi;TIAN Hongmei;YANG Jing(School of Nursing,Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College,Chongqing 401331,China;Institute of Higher Education,Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College,Chongqing 401331,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆医药高等专科学校护理学院,重庆401331 [2]重庆医药高等专科学校高教所,重庆4013311

出　　处：《中国现代医生》2024年第29期19-23,共5页China Modern Doctor

基　　金：重庆市教委科学技术研究项目(KJQN202202804)。

摘　　要：目的调查养老机构中伴有自杀意念失能老人的心理弹性并分析其相关因素。方法于2022年5月至10月便利抽取重庆市8所养老机构,采用中文版Beck自杀意念量表筛查出119名有自杀意念的失能老人,使用一般情况调查表、10条目简明心理弹性量表、纽芬兰纪念大学幸福感量表和医院抑郁量表对其进行问卷调查。结果伴自杀意念失能老人的心理弹性水平偏低,条目均分为(1.58±0.70)分。伴自杀意念失能老人的心理弹性在养老机构性质、失能程度、文化程度、入住时长、与亲属通讯频率、参加集体活动频率等方面的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。伴自杀意念失能老人的心理弹性与抑郁症状呈负相关(r_(1)=–0.631,P<0.001),与主观幸福感呈正相关(r_(2)=0.652,P<0.001)。文化程度和主观幸福感可正向预测伴自杀意念失能老人的心理弹性,抑郁症状负向预测其心理弹性(调整R^(2)=0.521,P<0.001)。结论养老机构伴自杀意念失能老人的心理弹性水平较低,应重点改善文化程度和主观幸福感较低、抑郁症状较突出的失能老人的心理弹性。Objective To investigate the mental resilience of disabled elderly with suicidal ideation in nursing homes and analyze its related factors.Methods By using convenience sampling and the Chinese version of the Beck scale for suicide ideation,a total of 119 disabled elderly with suicidal ideation were screened from 8 nursing homes in Chongqing from May to October 2022.Then they were investigated with the general information questionnaire,the Memorial University of Newfoundland scale of happiness,the 10-item connor-davidson resilience scale and the hospital depression scale.Results The average score of resilience of disabled elderly with suicidal ideation was(1.58±0.70)points,which was at a lower level.There were statistically significant differences in the mental resilience of disabled elderly with suicidal ideation in terms of the nature of the nursing homes,the degree of disability and education,the length of stay,the frequency of communication with relatives and participation in collective activities.The mental resilience of disabled elderly with suicidal ideation was negatively correlated with depressive symptoms(r_(1)=–0.631,P<0.001),and positively correlated with subjective well-being(r_(2)=0.652,P<0.001).Among disabled elderly with suicidal ideation,the degree of education and subjective well-being positively predicted mental resilience,while depressive symptoms negatively predicted mental resilience(adjusted R^(2)=0.521,P<0.001).Conclusion The mental resilience level of disabled elderly with suicidal ideation in nursing homes is lower.Nursing homes should focus on improving the mental resilience of disabled elderly with lower educational level,lower subjective well-being and higher depression symptoms,so as to improve their adaptability.

关 键 词：自杀意念 失能老人 心理弹性 养老机构 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]