从《小儿药证直诀》探析钱乙应用虫类药物经验  

Analysis of QIAN Yi's Experience in Using Insect Drugs from the Xiaoer Yaozheng Zhijue

作　　者：张萌[1] 李瑞星[1,2] 苏贺醒 周荣易 马丙祥[2] ZHANG Meng;LI Ruixing;SU Hexing;ZHOU Rongyi;MA bingxiang(Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou Henan 450046,China;The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou Hanan 450003,China)

机构地区：[1]河南中医药大学,河南郑州450046 [2]河南中医药大学第一附属医院,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《中医药导报》2024年第10期195-199,共5页Guiding Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目(2021M690939);河南省博士后科研项目(202003096);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(21A360017);河南中医药大学第一附属医院专业学位研究生精品教学案例项目(YJSJPAL202212)。

摘　　要：虫类药属动物类中药,用药部位为动物类整体、局部或产物、分泌物。虫类药具有独特的药效作用及药理活性,有疏通经络、活血化瘀、息风止痉、开窍醒神、清热凉血等功效,临床应用广泛。《小儿药证直诀》全书共载方122首,涉及189味药物。其中使用虫类药物的方剂有47首,虫类药物有27味。临证时,钱乙根据病证不同,所用虫类药的入药部位、炮制方法、剂型、用量等亦有所差别,并注意减毒增效,祛邪扶正。归纳《小儿药证直诀》中虫类药物的性味、归经,分析用药配伍及诊疗病证,发现钱乙善用寒凉药的组方用药特点,同时注重顾护脾胃的学术思想,并为络病学说的发展提供参考。Insect drugs belong to animal traditional Chinese medicine.The medicinal parts are the whole,local or product and secretion of animals.Insect drugs have unique pharmacological effects and activities,such as dredging meridians,promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis,relieving wind and spasms,opening orifices and awakening the mind,clearing heat and cooling blood,and etc.They are widely used in clinical practice.There are 122 prescriptions recorded in the Xiaoer Yaozheng Zhijue,involving 189 drugs.Among them,there were 47 prescriptions using insect drugs and had 27 insect drugs.During clinical practice,QIAN Yi used different types of insect drugs based on the different diseases and syndromes,including the location of application,preparation method,dosage form,and dosage.He also paid attention to reducing toxicity,increasing efficiency,dispelling evil,and strengthening the body.By summarizing the properties,flavors,and meridian tropism of insect drugs,analyzing the compatibility of medication and the diagnosis and treatment of diseases in the Xiaoer Yaozheng Zhijue,it was found that QIAN Yi was good at using cold and cooling herbs in the formula,and paid attention to the academic idea of caring for the spleen and stomach,and provided reference for the development of the theory of collateral diseases.

关 键 词：虫类药 动物药 《小儿药证直诀》 钱乙 用药经验 学术思想 

分 类 号：R2-09[医药卫生—中医学]