二甲双胍对妊娠期高血糖孕妇后代远期影响的研究进展  

Research Progress on the Long-Term Effects of Metformin on the Offspring of Pregnant Women With Hyperglycemia During Pregnancy

作　　者：王世成 杨延冬[1] WANG Shicheng;YANG Yandong(Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Binzhou Medical University Hospital,Binzhou Shandong 256603,China)

机构地区：[1]滨州医学院附属医院妇产科,山东滨州256603

出　　处：《中国卫生标准管理》2024年第19期194-198,共5页China Health Standard Management

摘　　要：妊娠期高血糖是指孕前或孕期发生的不同程度的糖代谢紊乱,严重影响母婴结局。近些年来,妊娠期高血糖的发病率不断增加,妊娠期高血糖的孕妇在饮食及运动管理控制不佳时通常采用胰岛素及口服药物治疗。二甲双胍作为一种口服降糖药物,在降低孕妇血糖的同时,还能降低新生儿低血糖、巨大儿等不良事件的发生率,有效控制孕妇孕期体质量增长。二甲双胍治疗对母体是安全的,但与胰岛素治疗不同的是,二甲双胍能够通过胎盘进入胎儿体内,因此仍然存在二甲双胍治疗对胎儿远期预后影响的担忧。目前国内外对二甲双胍治疗的产妇后代长期生长发育影响程度尚不明确,本综述就二甲双胍作用机制及后代远期生长发育影响进行总结,并为妊娠期高血糖临床指南标准后期制定提供借鉴内容。Hyperglycemia in pregnancy refers to different levels of glucose metabolism disorders occurring before or during pregnancy,which seriously affect the outcome of mother and child.In recent years,the incidence of hyperglycemia during pregnancy has been increasing,and pregnant women with hyperglycemia during pregnancy are usually treated with insulin and oral drugs when diet and exercise management are not well controlled.As an oral hypoglycemic drug,metformin can not only reduce the blood sugar of pregnant women,but also reduce the incidence of adverse events such as neonatal hypoglycemia and macrosomia,and effectively control the weight gain of pregnant women during pregnancy.Metformin therapy is safe for the mother,but unlike insulin therapy,metformin is able to cross the placenta and enter the fetus.Therefore,there are still concerns about the effect of metformin therapy on the long-term prognosis of the fetus.At present,the extent of the long-term growth and development of maternal offspring affected by metformin treatment is still unclear at home and abroad.This review summarizes the mechanism of action of metformin and the long-term growth and development of offspring.The results of this study provide references for the later development of clinical guidelines for hyperglycemia in pregnancy.

关 键 词：二甲双胍 妊娠期高血糖 远期影响 母婴结局 胎儿发育 儿童 生长发育 

分 类 号：R715[医药卫生—妇产科学]