热处理对转基因秸秆中重组蛋白和重组DNA的降解作用  

Effect of heat treatment on the degradation of recombinant protein and recombinant DNA in transgenic straws

作　　者：颜晶莹 倪亮[1] 沈星宇 李玉 YAN Jingying;NI Liang;SHEN Xingyu;LI Yu(Agricultural Experimental Station,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学农业试验站,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2024年第9期2079-2088,共10页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：浙江大学实验技术研究项目(SYB202138);国家自然科学基金(32000195)。

摘　　要：随着转基因作物种植面积的不断扩大,如何高效处理转基因秸秆成为了一个重要的科学问题。未经处理的转基因秸秆中的重组蛋白和重组DNA可以在土壤中存在很长时间,并对土壤生物多样性产生潜在负面影响。因此寻找一个既节约成本又对环境无害的秸秆处理方法非常重要。高温处理是降解转基因秸秆重组蛋白和重组DNA的有效手段,但目前对处理温度和处理时间的选择还缺乏系统的研究。本研究通过试纸条、聚合酶链反应(PCR)等方法检测不同温度和时间处理的转基因作物秸秆中重组蛋白和重组DNA的水平。结果表明,转基因大豆、棉花、玉米、水稻的秸秆在50℃处理3 h后,其体内的抗除草剂蛋白草胺膦乙酰转移酶(phosphinothricin acetyltransferase, PAT)等重组蛋白基本降解;但相同温度下,重组DNA的降解则需要4 d时间;提高处理温度可以在一定程度上缩短重组蛋白和重组DNA降解所需的时间。50℃处理4 d的条件在实际生产中通过堆肥就能实现。本研究从分子生物学的角度为转基因秸秆处理提供了依据。With the continuous expansion of transgenic crop planting area,how to efficiently deal with the transgenic straw has become an important scientific issue.The recombinant protein and recombinant DNA in untreated transgenic straw can persist in the soil for a long time and have a potentially negative impact on soil biodiversity.Therefore,it is of importance to find a cost-saving and environmentally friendly straw treatment method.High temperature treatment is an effective method to degrade the recombinant protein and recombinant DNA of transgenic straw,but the treatment temperature and treatment time have not been systematically studied at present.This study used the test strips and polymerase chain reaction(PCR)to detect the levels of recombinant protein and recombinant DNA in the transgenic straw under different temperature and time treatments,and found that phosphinothricin acetyltransferase(PAT)and other recombinant proteins in the straw of transgenic soybeans,cotton,maize and rice were almost degraded after being treated at 50℃for 3 h.However,at the same temperature,the degradation of recombinant DNA took 4 d.The degradation time of recombinant proteins and recombinant DNA could be shorted by increasing the temperature.These combinations of temperature and time,particularly the treatment condition of 50℃for 4 d,could be achieved by composting in agricultural production.Therefore,this study provided a theoretical basis for the treatment of transgenic straw from the perspective of molecular biology.

关 键 词：转基因秸秆 重组蛋白 重组DNA 草胺膦乙酰转移酶(PAT) 5-烯醇式丙酮莽草酸-3-磷酸合酶基因(Cp4-EPSPS) BT基因 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]