具有解耦结构的宽带定向双圆极化天线设计  

A Wideband Directional Dual-circularly Polarized Antenna with Decoupled Structure

作　　者：赵芸 耿巍 顾浩 ZHAO Yun;GENG Wei;GU Hao(School of Electronics and Information Engineering,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学电子与信息工程学院,南京210044

出　　处：《微波学报》2024年第5期66-70,84,共6页Journal of Microwaves

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(61801230)。

摘　　要：本文设计了一种具有宽带特性的定向双圆极化天线。该天线具有三层结构:辐射层、反射层和解耦层。辐射层为矩形驱动贴片以激励U型缝隙产生圆极化辐射,天线通过两个对称的微带馈电端口可分别实现左旋圆极化和右旋圆极化。反射层为放置于天线正下方的金属板以实现定向辐射,但是这导致了天线轴比和端口隔离度性能下降。针对这一问题,在辐射层U型缝隙处倒角和开缝以改善轴比带宽,并在辐射层上方加载了刻蚀周期分布的寄生贴片解耦层以改善端口隔离度。仿真和测试结果表明,天线的阻抗带宽和3 dB轴比带宽分别为1.59 GHz~7.79 GHz(132.1%)和2.75 GHz~5.78 GHz(71%),天线的端口隔离度在工作频带内均小于-10 dB,峰值增益达到8.1 dBi。In this paper,a directional dual-circularly polarized antenna with the characteristic of broadband is designed.The designed antenna has a three-layer structure:radiation layer,reflection layer and decoupling layer.The radiation layer is a rectangular driving patch to generate circularly polarized radiation by exciting the U-shaped gap.The antenna can realize left-handed circular polarization and right-handed circular polarization through two symmetrical microstrip feed ports respectively.The reflection layer is a metal plate placed directly below the antenna to achieve directional radiation pattern,but with the deterioration of antenna axis ratio and port isolation performance.To solve this problem,chamfering and slotting are made at the U-shaped gap of the radiation layer to improve the axial ratio bandwidth,and the decoupling layer of parasitic patch with etching period distribntion is loaded above the radiation layer to improve the port isolation.The designed antenna is fabricated and tested,the simulated and measured results show that the impedance bandwidth is from 1.59 GHz to 7.79 GHz(132.1%),the 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth is from 2.75 GHz to 5.78 GHz(71%),the port isolation of the antenna is less than-10 dB in the whole frequency band,and the peak gain is 8.1 dBi.

关 键 词：宽带圆极化 U型缝隙天线 定向辐射 解耦结构 双圆极化 

分 类 号：TN821.1[电子电信—信息与通信工程]