烟草弯孢菌叶斑病生防菌筛选及对叶际细菌群落的影响  

Screening of Biocontrol Bacteria against Leaf Spot Disease of Tobacco Caused by Curvularia clavata and Its Effect on Phyllosphere Microorganisms

作　　者：张明娅 何世芳 陆宁 宗仪 陈兴江 曹毅 ZHANG Mingya;HE Shifang;LU Ning;ZONG Yi;CHEN Xingjiang;CAO Yi(Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science,Guiyang 550081,China;Tobacco College of Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Xingyi Tobacco Leaf Storage and Transportation Station of China Tobacco Guizhou Industry Co.,Ltd,Xingyi 562400,China;China Tobacco Jiangsu Industrial Co.Ltd,Nanjing 210011,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省烟草科学研究院,贵阳550081 [2]贵州大学烟草学院,贵阳550025 [3]贵州中烟工业有限责任公司兴义烟叶储运站,兴义562400 [4]江苏中烟工业有限责任公司,南京210011

出　　处：《中国生物防治学报》2024年第4期958-968,共11页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：中国烟草总公司重大科技项目(110202101027(LS-02));中国烟草总公司贵州省公司科技项目(2023XM05)。

摘　　要：为筛选有效防控烟草弯孢叶斑病的生防菌,采用平板对峙法对85株生防菌进行筛选,选择抑制作用较强的生防菌开展盆栽和田间防效试验,使用高通量测序技术检测病原菌胁迫及施用生防菌液后对烟株叶际细菌群落特征,明确施用生防菌液对烟株叶际微生物的影响。结果表明,筛选鉴定出两株对病原菌抑制作用较强的生防菌污染伯克霍尔德氏菌Burkholderia contaminans YC2102与橄榄链霉菌Streptomycesolivaceus YC3049,对烟草弯孢菌抑制率分别为75.76%和68.53%。两株生防菌对烟草弯孢菌叶斑病的防效稳定,盆栽试验结果表明,YC2102与YC3049对烟草弯孢菌叶斑病喷施一次防效分别为47.33%和46.67%,喷施两次后的防效分别为40.00%和46.33%。田间试验结果表明,YC2102与YC3049对烟草弯孢菌叶斑病喷施一次防效分别为34.44%和33.12%,喷施两次后防效分别为34.00%和30.98%。不同类型的病原菌侵染烟株,烟株叶际细菌优势菌门为Cyanobacteria、Proteobacteria、Bacteroidota等,优势菌属为Pseudomonas、Stenotrophomonas、Streptomyces等;喷施生防菌液后烟株叶际细菌优势菌门均为Cyanobacteria、Proteobacteria等,优势菌属为Burkholderia、Streptomyces、Pseudomonas等。研究结果为防治烟草弯孢菌叶斑病的生物防治提供参考。To screen for effective biocontrol bacterial agents against leaf spot disease of tobacco caused by Curvularia clavata,85 bacterial strains were tested using the plate confrontation method.Strains with strong inhibitory effects were selected for pot and field trials.High-throughput sequencing was used to assess the bacterial community in the tobacco phyllosphere after pathogen infection and application of the biocontrol bacterial solution,to determine their impact on phyllosphere microorganisms.The results showed that two strains,Burkholderia contaminans YC2102 and Streptomyces olivaceus YC3049,had strong inhibitory effects on C.clavata,with the inhibition rates of 75.76%and 68.53%,respectively.The control efficacies of the two strains on the leaf spot disease of tobacco were stable.In pot trials,praying once with YC2102 and YC3049 showed control efficacies of 47.33%and 46.67%,while spraying twice showed 40.00%and 46.33%,respectively.In field trials,spraying once with YC2102 and YC3049 showed control efficacies of 34.44%and 33.12%,while 34.00%and 30.98%by spraying twice,respectively.Different pathogens infection altered the dominant bacterial phyla in the tobacco phyllosphere,including Cyanobacteria,Proteobacteria and Bacteroidota,and dominant genera included Pseudomonas,Stenotrophomonas and Streptomyces.After applying the biocontrol bacteria solution,the dominant phyla were Cyanobacteria and Proteobacteria,and the dominant genera were Burkholderia,Streptomyces and Pseudomonas.

关 键 词：生防菌 抑制作用 田间防效 高通量测序技术 细菌群落 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]